6/26/2007
Mgmt 245-02
Role of culture in India vs. UAE
Cross cultural education is important in today’s society for a few reasons. It is important because today’s society is becoming more globalize and diverse, and by understand each others’ culture it is easier to know how to communicate and to create relationships. For new upcoming business women cross culture education is especially important because it helps facilitate better business and this will be helpful to incorporate the country’s culture in the business practices. By understanding the country’s culture one is able to find out the reason why its citizens behave the way they do, practice different beliefs, think the way they do, and do business in different ways. There are specific traditions within different cultures that make those people unique and interesting, and these bring diversity in our world. Our experience in India was as exceptional and as shocking at the same time, and as our counterparts explained the same feelings were felt between those that traveled in the Emirate States. The experiences were exceptional because the cultures and traditions in both these countries are so different to those that most of us are exposed around here, that they could be from different worlds. Though somewhat different our experience in India was very similar to the experience of those in UAE. These are two very rich and fascinating cultures, which include a lot of religion, family involvement, traditions, and diversity in many levels. Women in both cultures are still in the process of recognition and reaching some level of equality.
As mentioned before there were many similarities between the two countries, even though one contains the second largest population in the world, and the other which is 100 times smaller is trying to become the biggest touristy place in the world and is also one of the richest, financially, small countries in the world. A few similarities revolved around women were family values, rank in society, common professions, privilege, and religion. Family as it was clear in both countries is was the most essential entity for every person; each person is clearly defined by their family name. We saw this in India from the numerous articles that we read, and from experiencing firsthand the importance of family and the family name. While in Western countries one may define their family name, in UAE and India each person is clearly defined by their family name, and everything they do they must only bring honor to that name, because it follows them everywhere. In India it was easy to understand its importance to the point that one of the women entrepreneurs at NIILM identified herself as “I’m a Gupta that is the way we are” when she was speaking of the path to her growing business. In a study which explains how gender roles are shaped in the Middle East, four out of four elements mention family, to go so far as to talk about family laws (Metcalfe, 2006). It is only surprising because in the US the citizens are closely bound to the common laws that apply same to each individual, and the individual is one unit. The first element explains that family is the central unit in the society, and each individual is part of this unit, and is bound to respect the rules of this unit that it belongs to (Metcalfe, 2006).
The UAE and India are quite similar when it comes to performance orientation, though is different aspects of performance. UAE women and men are working hard on setting goals to become one of the most visited countries by 2010, and to reach this there needs to be a lot of work done from all levels of work. UAE citizens have high performance orientation which means that they have high achievement motives, where they praise success and fear failure (Gupta & House, 2004). This is important to UAE women because it opens some opportunities to contribute to this goal, although as of fiscal year 2000 only 13% of women were part of the workforce, it is a chance to increase this number (Mostafa, 2005). It also can help women to reach positions which they could not think of reaching before, because of different barriers. India on the other hand is a high performance society for the most part because of its push for learning. All the students that we met identified to us that education is important but doing well when in school is most important, companies, unlike most US companies, look strongly at the education performance to base their decisions to hire graduates and their salaries. India has proved that it is a high performance oriented society because they work hard, and it is currently working on becoming one of the major players in intellectual property. This need to achieve higher standards and be more innovative and reach different heights, allows more women to enter the workforce and to be able to be promoted and break some of ‘the glass ceilings”.
Although high performance oriented societies, these two countries allow women very little independence, when it comes to working. Many of the women that we meet in both countries were women that had truly achieved new heights. These were some very high power women; in India we met Dr. Nambiar, who was a neurologist and head of the Delhi hospital, in UAE our colleagues had met Raja al Gurg, who heads her fathers business, and has more than 30years of experience in the business world. These are two of the more success stories we heard during both trips, but what was somewhat evident was the importance of having a great family name and strong family ties. All the women that we met that had succeeded had had a lot of help from their fathers or husbands, excluding here the women from the Nud village, who build schools on their own. The point is not that women are incapable of starting their own business, but it seems that this is the easiest way for many women entrepreneurs, they had to start with a foundation created by a man in their life. Once their business started off, it was easy to see that these women were able, intelligent, and independent. Needless to say women in these countries are not fully independent financially, though for every business everywhere in the world there is a need of financials, many women depended on their man counterparts to supply the foundation of their business. It would be unfair to conclude that all women who started their own business or reached the high positions in India and UAE, had an unfair advantage, that they were privileged through their family, be it the fathers’ or husbands’, but being from a well known and financially stable family allowed some women to gain very high positions in the society. It was up to the women to maintain these positions, and as we experienced some were expanding even further and all were very satisfied with their positions in the society, but the support of their families was crucial in their success.
The common professions that were attributed to women in both countries were banking, human resources, teaching, handicrafts, and entrepreneurs. Most of these professions deal with personal contact with people, women are friendly, motherly, and great people’s persons; these are some of the reasons why women are fit for these positions. Many women felt that these are not necessarily reasons why women should get stuck with jobs that will not allow them to expand their professional career, or jobs that will make women less visible in the workplace (Mostafa, 2005). Women seek jobs that are compatible with their abilities and their education, just like their male counterparts. Many times because of some gender inequalities women are offered jobs that fit them better, jobs that they have more potential, motherly jobs, because these traits are taught to women since they are young. “Arab nations strongly supported gender equality in education but not equality in employment” many Arab nations believe that women should learn as much as they can, but there is no need for the education to be utilized (Metcalfe, 2006). Such a statement allows for managers to have the ability to not promote women, regardless of their performance, or hire women in positions that are entry levels or low levels. In India work discrimination is against most corporations’ policies, but at the same time, as we learned from the Fulbright Foundation that managers have a hard time trusting women employees if they are promoted for higher positions, because of the high drop out rate. Many women in India are obligated or culturally bound to take care of their children and family, and many seem to choose this route, which makes it hard for some employers to spend so much funding on training and they are not guarantee a return. Family is important and it is part of the culture and religion for women to take care of their family and children even though they have spend a great deal of their lives getting an education. Maybe for me or someone else this might be absurd, but many women are happy to have that education so they can help their children and they can help their husbands or fathers with their family businesses.
Most of the reasons above have been pointing some of the similarities between the two countries but also visible are some differences between India and UAE. Materialism, gender inequality at work, and reward systems for men. When anyone thinks Dubai, UAE they think the hotel on the strip, they think lights, they think innovative and creative, they think rich. Some women in UAE are thought to be more materialistic because where they live is a very different world from that of some of the cities in India. Although a survey showed that western women compared with Arab and Indian women responded that they work for their career development, most Arab and Indian women responded that they work because of the salary (Alafrangi, 2005). Money is important for all women, but what is also important is a career acceleration, and because of the setting UAE women are more exposed to the monetary values. Another reason for UAE women to be more materialistic is their need for independence, more and more younger women are looking to be financially stable, and this growth is being seen mainly in women age 25-34 (Alafrangi, 2005).
Unlike India which is constantly promoting a fair equality at work, the Middle Eastern societies still govern with their urf (customs), these customs do not accept equal employment between the genders. When visiting Evaluserve, a Knowledge Process Outsourcing (KPO) company we were told that the human resource department makes sure that there is fair employment. Even though this might not be as widespread and might not be the case for all companies in India it is a problem which is being looked after. It is also true that the custom system in UAE also rewards men for being men, and then they would be rewarded a stipend for being married with UAE women, and for having a son. The government is promoting financial gender inequality. In India men as well as many women are encouraged to broaden their horizon by studying and working abroad, though this might not be the case with all families.
Cross-Cultural Communication
India’s culture and traditions are very rich and diverse, and being from another country I though it would be easier for me to adjust to these differences. There were many aspects of the trip that I was completely unprepared for, though some of the things that we went through I had experienced before. Although we learned a lot about the Indian culture through the readings and class time, there were some experiences that are easier learned in practice. India showed to be a very high humane society, they were extremely hospitable. The culture shock was tremendous, because I have never been used to being spoiled and looked after in that manner. When comparing it with my arrival in the US, it is quite the opposite end of the spectrum, because in India everyone welcomed us, even those that were not part of our itinerary.
Another factor that impressed me was Indians’ high performance orientation. As we have read in the Understanding Leadership in a Diverse Culture reading, and as I mentioned above Indian students made quite the impression on me, when it came to their performance. Many of the students that we met did not have a job outside of school, but when it came to studies I was not match, they would attend school all day and then would have time for homework and some socializing. Sleep was not part of the process, while most of us were restless; some of the Indian students were still working at pleasing us and making sure that all our needs were fulfilled. I found it hard to grasp the power they had to accomplish so much during the day. After talking to some people I soon understood that studies were extremely important to students, and their performance in school was important for their future career placement. India has a high performance trait also in the workplace, since we were told that most workers work very long hours and some travel from quite some distance to get to a good job.
An aspect that I was not very excited about was the high power distance that I noticed throughout the trip. I am used to respecting those that are older and higher of status than me, but I am also used to respecting those younger than me, so it made an impression on me when we had to wait for so long for the Education Advisor to the Prime Minister. I do understand that he is a very important figure, and I was honored to be there and listen to his speech, but I thought that the wait was too long, and it caused us to be extremely late for the Women Entrepreneur Forum. High power distance is visible in other countries as well, but in India it was even more visible, and though it was done to honor and respect someone, it took a few days to get adjusted to the things one can do to honor someone.
Indians’ way of communication was a factor that needed some time for adjustment; their communication was very indirect and high context, which made it hard on top of all other culture understanding. Growing up in the US and receiving my most mature education here, I have gotten very used to low-context and more direct communication. While most messages are unspoken and are meant for the receiver to understand, it was hard for me to accurately decipher the message that the Advisor was sending to us. In this case it would be hard for me to go and ask him, if the point that he was making was exactly what I had understood, I resulted to asking Prof. Gupta to explain to me some of the things since he is a native. Verbal communication is such a great challenge because in many part of the world what can be positive in one country, it can mean completely opposite in another one. To adjust to verbal communication one needs to be attentive at all times, make sure that one reads some materials that can help solve some discrepancies, and possibly travel with a native for assurance.
Time is important in the US, and I am not a good example of that because it is one trait that I have not forgotten from my home country, a meeting that starts at 9:00 starts at 9:15 for me still. This was the case with most of the activities that we did throughout the trip. For me it was not a great issue since I am used to this quite often, but it made it very difficult to do all the activities planned. To solve this challenge all we could do is relax and go to the next activity, as long as the hosts do not feel disrespected. Although there were a few challenges throughout the trip, this has been one of my most memorable experience, and more so because of these challenges. Culture shock is not new to me anymore, and this time around it would be a lot easier for me to handle to wherever I travel next. Indian culture has helped broaden my horizon and expanded my knowledge about India, but most importantly it has challenged some of my misconceptions and answered some questions.
Monday, August 27, 2007
Wednesday, August 8, 2007
Final Paper -- Kyle MacQueen
From what you have learned in this course, compare and contrast women’s leadership in India versus UAE, and the role of culture in women’s leadership in the two nations.
Having traveled to India, and then reading my classmates’ post-departure papers about the United Arab Emirates (UAE), I was surprised to learn how similar the two cultures are. In terms of leadership, comparable factors in both cultures affect the women in terms of the choices they make and the positions they hold. Some of the cultural influences affecting women’s leadership include family expectations, attitudes, and values.
Family roles significantly impact both the women in India and the women in the UAE. In both countries, it is more common for women than men to be the caregivers to children and elders. In India, it was not uncommon to meet a student whose mother had earned a Master’s degree, but then dropped out of the workforce to become a “homemaker.” We also visited a very innovative company that offered a twelve week paid maternity leave, which is wonderful, but no paternity leave was mentioned, most likely because it is more likely the women who will leave the workforce after a child is born. Similarly, in the UAE, one student commented that in general, marriage and family are always one’s top priority (though she was choosing to pursue a career after graduation). Additionally, another Emirate woman explained that motherhood is something the culture is proud of, and that women understand their part in society. As a result, women are most likely to choose pursuing a family over career, and recognize that this is contributing to the good of society; a career could interfere with this top priority. Both cultures are high in the dimension of in-group collectivism which emphasizes the importance of strong relationships and personal commitments to one another (Gupta, V. & House, R., 2004, 26). This is most likely why there is such dedication from mothers to stay home and raise their children.
Additionally, the high in-group collectivism in both cultures affects family involvement in education and work opportunities. In India, we learned that students’ parents would help them financially in pursuing higher education. Students, in most cases, were not working, but focusing completely on their studies due to this assistance. Students would also speak to their parents at least once daily about how things were going. These close relationships can have a significant meaning for students and also help improve communication skills. In addition, the panelists we heard in India also thanked either their parents or husbands (or both) for their continued support and guidance as they made career changes and needed emotional or financial support. Likewise, family support is common in the UAE, but in a different way. When a woman is interested in a job, it is not uncommon for a father or husband to accompany her on the interview to check out the work environment and make sure she would be safe there. This not only shows support but the love family members have for one another.
Another important aspect of both cultures that affects women’s leadership is the medium to high dimension of humane orientation. On our trip to India, it was very obvious that people were more at peace with themselves, and also showed compassion and empathy for one another. The spirituality in both countries is commendable because it guides their daily actions and beliefs. In India, there is an understanding that everyone has a purpose in the world; this same theory seems to exist in the UAE from what I read in students’ papers. This has a large impact on women’s feeling about work and education. In India, there was a high degree of authenticity among the panelists we heard from. Many of the women talked about finding an inner passion, taking risks, and having faith. They discussed self-confidence, self-belief, persistence, and endurance. They had searched inside of themselves to discover their passion and then pursued it. In the UAE, the same messages of having self-confidence, dedication, and recognizing personal strengths were delivered. I thought it was interesting to read that in the UAE, women would seek higher education in leadership not only because they could they use these skills at work, but also at home. Overall, from what I gather, though women are expected to be homemakers in these cultures, they are given more respect for this which can lead to greater self-confidence in other areas of life.
In terms of leadership positions, women in both India and the UAE faced challenges in regards to balancing career and family. In India, many of the women panelists we heard from chose to become entrepreneurs who could then arrange their schedules to work with the needs of their families. However, the careers they pursued were dominated by women including daycares or schools, or fashion or handicraft markets. Similarly, in the UAE, if a woman chooses to pursue a career, a flexible schedule is a requirement so that they can also take care of their families. Madam Al-Gurg, an Emirate woman, said she chose a teaching job so that she could balance raising her children. This is important to note, because similarly in the United States, women pursue teaching so that they can have the same school hours as their children. This shows worldwide, women are typically the primary caregivers and they are selfless about the sacrifices they make in order to be there for their children. Now that Madam Al-Gurg is in a leadership position, it is great to hear she recognizes the need to implement more flexible schedules for young women, and that there is also the need for on-site childcare. Though it will take time before this is made possible in all organizations, it is great that the UAE is up to date on these issues and seeking new ways to aid women in the workplace.
It is clear that males dominate the workplace in both of these cultures. Because they are typically the “breadwinners,” they also see greater success in career advancement. Dissimilarly, when Indian women or Emirate women try to enter management positions, there are more obstacles to overcome. Though husbands are supportive of their wives, I question why they do not try to implement more ways to increase women’s visibility in leadership positions.
Overall, I feel that these two cultures are more similar than dissimilar. Additionally, I think we, the whole Management class, were all surprised to see how similar the students were to us. Despite some cultural and spiritual differences, we have a lot more in common than once thought. We also will face similar challenges as we enter the workforce based on traditional norms that still exist in each society. I am glad to see efforts are being made to help increase the visibility of women not just in the workplace in general, but also in leadership positions. It will be interesting to see how things change over the next five to ten years.
Analyze your experiences in your host country on the challenges associated with cross-cultural travel and communication. Discuss what factors allowed you to adjust to these challenges, using concrete examples from your trip, and integrating class readings into your analysis.
The Indian culture is very different from the United States. Although challenges are typically anticipated when traveling abroad, it is hard to grasp them unless you are actually there experiencing the differences. Although, we had studied India before our trip and learned about the nine cultural dimensions used to generically understand the culture, it did not mean as much until we were able to apply what we had learned. Some of the challenges we faced in India included adjusting to their time schedules and communication styles and language.
One difference we had a hard time accustoming ourselves to was the difference in chronemics. In the United States, we are used to a monochromic time schedule; we are used to time schedules and deadlines, and sticking to them. On the contrary, a polychromic time schedule is more common in India. Therefore, it is more likely for people to do several things at the same time and place greater value on personal involvement than having things completed by a certain time (Hodgetts et al, 2006, 195).
We, the students, felt frustrated with this because we thought we were arriving late everywhere, but it was never really an issue because the Indians are used to a polychromic time schedule where meetings are likely to start and end later than planned.
Another challenge associated with traveling to India was adjusting to the difference in communication styles. This includes proxemics and non-verbal styles. In the United States, we are accustomed to keeping a social distance in most interactions. Therefore, it is not uncommon for two people communicating to stand two, maybe even three feet apart. In India, however, it is more common to use a personal distance (which in the United States is used for talking with close friends and family). Sometimes I thought to myself why is this student standing or sitting so close to me, because I was uncomfortable at first. After adjusting to it and remembering that India is a different culture and that is what they are accustomed to, I was not as uncomfortable. Additionally, they kept their eye contact with you while speaking, where as in the United States, we will sometimes be doing something else or looking elsewhere while listening at the same time.
It was also a challenge to understand their non-verbal styles of communication. India is a high-context culture which places more value on the society as a whole than on the individual. Due to this high value on relationships and understanding of one another, an indirect style of communication is most common, meaning that timing, facial expressions, and voice intonation can all play a role in communication other than what is simply spoken (Hodgetts et al, 2006, 181). Additionally, because each person knows a lot about one another, they can also use a succinct style of communication. This was difficult to adjust to because in the United States we tend to be uncomfortable with pauses and silence, and we were also unfamiliar with their non-verbals. I noticed that many of the students would nod their heads from side to side while I was speaking, and I only assumed that this was their way of indicating that they were listening to me, but I was never certain of this.
What helped me to adjust to these challenges was remembering that we were in a high collectivist and high context culture. This reminded me that the Indians valued their relationships and that they were more likely to stand closer and even use more non-verbals than I may have previously been accustomed to in the United States. It was so interesting to actually experience what we had learned. So often, we hear things and learn things but don’t fully grasp what it means until we experience it first hand. I now truly understand why cross-cultural communication can be so difficult and found this experience to be very valuable.
Works Cited
Gupta, Vipin; House, Robert J. (2004). Understanding leadership in diverse cultures: implications of project GLOBE for leading international ventures, in D. Tjosvold and
K. Leung, 2004, Leading in high growth with Asia, New Jersey, World Scientific.
Hodgetts, Luthans, & Doh. (2006). International Management – Chapter 7 - Cross-Cultural Communication and Negotiation.
Having traveled to India, and then reading my classmates’ post-departure papers about the United Arab Emirates (UAE), I was surprised to learn how similar the two cultures are. In terms of leadership, comparable factors in both cultures affect the women in terms of the choices they make and the positions they hold. Some of the cultural influences affecting women’s leadership include family expectations, attitudes, and values.
Family roles significantly impact both the women in India and the women in the UAE. In both countries, it is more common for women than men to be the caregivers to children and elders. In India, it was not uncommon to meet a student whose mother had earned a Master’s degree, but then dropped out of the workforce to become a “homemaker.” We also visited a very innovative company that offered a twelve week paid maternity leave, which is wonderful, but no paternity leave was mentioned, most likely because it is more likely the women who will leave the workforce after a child is born. Similarly, in the UAE, one student commented that in general, marriage and family are always one’s top priority (though she was choosing to pursue a career after graduation). Additionally, another Emirate woman explained that motherhood is something the culture is proud of, and that women understand their part in society. As a result, women are most likely to choose pursuing a family over career, and recognize that this is contributing to the good of society; a career could interfere with this top priority. Both cultures are high in the dimension of in-group collectivism which emphasizes the importance of strong relationships and personal commitments to one another (Gupta, V. & House, R., 2004, 26). This is most likely why there is such dedication from mothers to stay home and raise their children.
Additionally, the high in-group collectivism in both cultures affects family involvement in education and work opportunities. In India, we learned that students’ parents would help them financially in pursuing higher education. Students, in most cases, were not working, but focusing completely on their studies due to this assistance. Students would also speak to their parents at least once daily about how things were going. These close relationships can have a significant meaning for students and also help improve communication skills. In addition, the panelists we heard in India also thanked either their parents or husbands (or both) for their continued support and guidance as they made career changes and needed emotional or financial support. Likewise, family support is common in the UAE, but in a different way. When a woman is interested in a job, it is not uncommon for a father or husband to accompany her on the interview to check out the work environment and make sure she would be safe there. This not only shows support but the love family members have for one another.
Another important aspect of both cultures that affects women’s leadership is the medium to high dimension of humane orientation. On our trip to India, it was very obvious that people were more at peace with themselves, and also showed compassion and empathy for one another. The spirituality in both countries is commendable because it guides their daily actions and beliefs. In India, there is an understanding that everyone has a purpose in the world; this same theory seems to exist in the UAE from what I read in students’ papers. This has a large impact on women’s feeling about work and education. In India, there was a high degree of authenticity among the panelists we heard from. Many of the women talked about finding an inner passion, taking risks, and having faith. They discussed self-confidence, self-belief, persistence, and endurance. They had searched inside of themselves to discover their passion and then pursued it. In the UAE, the same messages of having self-confidence, dedication, and recognizing personal strengths were delivered. I thought it was interesting to read that in the UAE, women would seek higher education in leadership not only because they could they use these skills at work, but also at home. Overall, from what I gather, though women are expected to be homemakers in these cultures, they are given more respect for this which can lead to greater self-confidence in other areas of life.
In terms of leadership positions, women in both India and the UAE faced challenges in regards to balancing career and family. In India, many of the women panelists we heard from chose to become entrepreneurs who could then arrange their schedules to work with the needs of their families. However, the careers they pursued were dominated by women including daycares or schools, or fashion or handicraft markets. Similarly, in the UAE, if a woman chooses to pursue a career, a flexible schedule is a requirement so that they can also take care of their families. Madam Al-Gurg, an Emirate woman, said she chose a teaching job so that she could balance raising her children. This is important to note, because similarly in the United States, women pursue teaching so that they can have the same school hours as their children. This shows worldwide, women are typically the primary caregivers and they are selfless about the sacrifices they make in order to be there for their children. Now that Madam Al-Gurg is in a leadership position, it is great to hear she recognizes the need to implement more flexible schedules for young women, and that there is also the need for on-site childcare. Though it will take time before this is made possible in all organizations, it is great that the UAE is up to date on these issues and seeking new ways to aid women in the workplace.
It is clear that males dominate the workplace in both of these cultures. Because they are typically the “breadwinners,” they also see greater success in career advancement. Dissimilarly, when Indian women or Emirate women try to enter management positions, there are more obstacles to overcome. Though husbands are supportive of their wives, I question why they do not try to implement more ways to increase women’s visibility in leadership positions.
Overall, I feel that these two cultures are more similar than dissimilar. Additionally, I think we, the whole Management class, were all surprised to see how similar the students were to us. Despite some cultural and spiritual differences, we have a lot more in common than once thought. We also will face similar challenges as we enter the workforce based on traditional norms that still exist in each society. I am glad to see efforts are being made to help increase the visibility of women not just in the workplace in general, but also in leadership positions. It will be interesting to see how things change over the next five to ten years.
Analyze your experiences in your host country on the challenges associated with cross-cultural travel and communication. Discuss what factors allowed you to adjust to these challenges, using concrete examples from your trip, and integrating class readings into your analysis.
The Indian culture is very different from the United States. Although challenges are typically anticipated when traveling abroad, it is hard to grasp them unless you are actually there experiencing the differences. Although, we had studied India before our trip and learned about the nine cultural dimensions used to generically understand the culture, it did not mean as much until we were able to apply what we had learned. Some of the challenges we faced in India included adjusting to their time schedules and communication styles and language.
One difference we had a hard time accustoming ourselves to was the difference in chronemics. In the United States, we are used to a monochromic time schedule; we are used to time schedules and deadlines, and sticking to them. On the contrary, a polychromic time schedule is more common in India. Therefore, it is more likely for people to do several things at the same time and place greater value on personal involvement than having things completed by a certain time (Hodgetts et al, 2006, 195).
We, the students, felt frustrated with this because we thought we were arriving late everywhere, but it was never really an issue because the Indians are used to a polychromic time schedule where meetings are likely to start and end later than planned.
Another challenge associated with traveling to India was adjusting to the difference in communication styles. This includes proxemics and non-verbal styles. In the United States, we are accustomed to keeping a social distance in most interactions. Therefore, it is not uncommon for two people communicating to stand two, maybe even three feet apart. In India, however, it is more common to use a personal distance (which in the United States is used for talking with close friends and family). Sometimes I thought to myself why is this student standing or sitting so close to me, because I was uncomfortable at first. After adjusting to it and remembering that India is a different culture and that is what they are accustomed to, I was not as uncomfortable. Additionally, they kept their eye contact with you while speaking, where as in the United States, we will sometimes be doing something else or looking elsewhere while listening at the same time.
It was also a challenge to understand their non-verbal styles of communication. India is a high-context culture which places more value on the society as a whole than on the individual. Due to this high value on relationships and understanding of one another, an indirect style of communication is most common, meaning that timing, facial expressions, and voice intonation can all play a role in communication other than what is simply spoken (Hodgetts et al, 2006, 181). Additionally, because each person knows a lot about one another, they can also use a succinct style of communication. This was difficult to adjust to because in the United States we tend to be uncomfortable with pauses and silence, and we were also unfamiliar with their non-verbals. I noticed that many of the students would nod their heads from side to side while I was speaking, and I only assumed that this was their way of indicating that they were listening to me, but I was never certain of this.
What helped me to adjust to these challenges was remembering that we were in a high collectivist and high context culture. This reminded me that the Indians valued their relationships and that they were more likely to stand closer and even use more non-verbals than I may have previously been accustomed to in the United States. It was so interesting to actually experience what we had learned. So often, we hear things and learn things but don’t fully grasp what it means until we experience it first hand. I now truly understand why cross-cultural communication can be so difficult and found this experience to be very valuable.
Works Cited
Gupta, Vipin; House, Robert J. (2004). Understanding leadership in diverse cultures: implications of project GLOBE for leading international ventures, in D. Tjosvold and
K. Leung, 2004, Leading in high growth with Asia, New Jersey, World Scientific.
Hodgetts, Luthans, & Doh. (2006). International Management – Chapter 7 - Cross-Cultural Communication and Negotiation.
Thursday, June 21, 2007
How Culture Influences Women’s Personal Leadership Journeys
How UAE Culture Influences Women’s Personal Leadership Journeys
Post-Departure Paper
Culture, if it is not one of the many factors in an Emirati woman’s life to consider in making her career decision, then it is probably the determining factor of her career. From what I remember the most during our meeting with Mohammed Al Fahim, the renowned author of “Rags to Riches”, who was present at Zayed University, most of the time culture hinders a woman’s ability or desire to work. However, women have always played an important leadership role in the household and this goes back to life as it was generations ago.
Culture has already pre-disposed women to leadership skills that many do not know of. First of all in this region where Abu Dhabi once thrived on fishing and pearl diving, it was common for a father or husband to be absent from the home because of his travels in the business of trade. Many men would be gone at sea or on land for months or years at the time. For Mr. Al Fahim, it was part of his upraising and growing up without a father in the household is part of the norm in his childhood. During this absence, he noted that it was up to the wife to run the household and business. From raising the children to making the handicrafts, clothes, and preparing the goods to be sold, it was up to the woman to do.
Today, although many women are encouraged to work, they are vastly held back in terms of employment commitment. Mr. Al Fahim noted that many cannot give in to the standard work hours from nine to five or their job because of their families and their children. They must get up early to take their children to school and the commute would not allow them to be on time in the workplace. Furthermore, their children will not have anyone to pick them up from school in the afternoon if their mothers must adhere to the nine to five schedules. For other women, their job opportunity is located in a location where it would not be possible for them to commute to, either by carpool or simply because of the distance. Because households are greatly protective of their daughters, some women do not drive and must rely on designated drivers. These are a few ways in which women may be deterred from the workplace.
Despite these complications, there are truly remarkable women that we have met who have taken advantage of this culture and succeeded in bringing about their personal success. Raja Al Gurg was the first businesswoman that we had the honor to meet. She is one of the leading business leaders in the UAE with over twenty nine companies and three thousand employees under her management. Her journey was a long but determined path and her message stirred our minds as she was envisioning the model Arab woman business leader while forgetting that she is one herself. In this patriarchal culture where sons receive preferential treatment when inheritance matters are at hand, Mrs. Al Gurg was able to take a leap into her career path by proposing to take over her father’s company. She luckily granted with this right over her two brothers, and immediately took it upon herself to prove to the existing managers that she was capable of managing.
An important message that she delivered is that when you are allowed to establish a firm sense of self and unshakable confidence in yourself, you can go out into the world at large and be far less likely to put up with biases. One of the greatest things that she did was integrate her past experience with her new job. As an already renowned school principal, she took this desire to achieve a good reputation with her already solid management skills and approached this new job as if it were another school. With no previous business background, she was able to integrate her self confidence into a new task and this positive attitude allowed her to remain unyielding within the years that she had to catch up with her co-workers in the business field. During this time, she treated everyone with the utmost respect, and even worked in the warehouses alongside the employees who were under her management. Although she never admitted that she faced any skepticism and proved to us that she was successful steering herself away from any doubts because of her diligence and dedication to her work. Her attitude pointed out that in this culture, it is the confidence that you build within yourself which allows you to confront any threat of adversity in a positive way which makes you a strong leader.
When asked about her family, Mrs. Al Gurg noted that it was an important part of her life and any other Emirati woman’s life. In fact, Emirati women want to be treated as wives, because “we have our part, and we take our part equally as men.” She explained that motherhood is something that this culture is proud of, and that it is the foundation of her career as it helped her manage her time wisely. Being a mother allowed her to become attentive in the work place as well as at home, and this is something she is distinctly proud of. For Emirati women, Mrs. Al Gurg stated that the general consensus of Emirati women would choose to raise a perfect family over a perfect career for themselves because they are contributing to the good of society rather than contributing to the corruption with ill-educated children. This part of UAE culture is a particularly strong influence in women’s personal leadership journeys, and this is why some women choose not to take on a demanding work schedule because it would interfere with their first and foremost duty.
Another woman leader we have met was Salwa Saad Shabani, an entrepreneur who ran numerous successful companies in selected industries where she saw her diversified services could be needed the most. Out of the three speakers that we had that day at Zayed University in Abu Dhabi, I was left with the impression that she was very innovative as an Arab businesswoman. Already married at the age fifteen and is now the mother of four children, she has proven to be another role model for many aspiring Emirati women today because of her attitude within the UAE culture that allowed her to thrive in the business world, a similar characteristic also found when we spoke with Raja Al Gurg. She chose to remain a part of the traditional culture as a mother while managing her time with her businesses. Because she had two very different responsibilities in her life, her lesson to us was that diligence in the work place and dedication is key to finding the opportunity for success. Being a woman in a male-dominated field in this culture means that there will times when the woman is forced into challenges and times when she has to challenge herself by taking initiative while remaining firm. She reminded us that no matter how much traditional culture can steer many women away from succeeding in their career goals and dreams, the way women can manipulate their lifestyle in order to balance their family and work life that makes them successful. With the changing culture of the UAE where more and more women are given the opportunity to pursue a career, patience and charisma determines how well they will be in the process of achieving leadership goals.
As more and more families are accepting the fact that their daughters should hold a job as a significant contribution to their society, it is more common for women to pursue higher education than men. As learned through my conversations with ZU students at the Leadership Workshop, it was a surprising fact to find that men either take a job in the military or inherit their father’s business, and this is why many men do not complete their higher education degrees. Currently, more women are becoming driven to take on new opportunities and the ZU students that I interacted with had an overwhelming amount of motivation to pursue higher studies to eventually reach their career goals. Through their leadership class they have acquired much knowledge in gaining leadership skills, and many have been actively changing some of their traditional beliefs in the household so that they can enrich their learning experience. One student whom I spoke with, Abeer, came from a conservative family and she was only recently given the permission to go study abroad in Spain with her class. Many women at the Univesity have the opportunity to study abroad, however there are a number who are held under their traditions. Surprisingly, money is not the motivation for their effort and energy spent in higher education; rather, it is the leadership skill that they gain that is valuable because it provides them with an everlasting talent that can be utilized later in the work force and for running their families.
-Helen
Post-Departure Paper
Culture, if it is not one of the many factors in an Emirati woman’s life to consider in making her career decision, then it is probably the determining factor of her career. From what I remember the most during our meeting with Mohammed Al Fahim, the renowned author of “Rags to Riches”, who was present at Zayed University, most of the time culture hinders a woman’s ability or desire to work. However, women have always played an important leadership role in the household and this goes back to life as it was generations ago.
Culture has already pre-disposed women to leadership skills that many do not know of. First of all in this region where Abu Dhabi once thrived on fishing and pearl diving, it was common for a father or husband to be absent from the home because of his travels in the business of trade. Many men would be gone at sea or on land for months or years at the time. For Mr. Al Fahim, it was part of his upraising and growing up without a father in the household is part of the norm in his childhood. During this absence, he noted that it was up to the wife to run the household and business. From raising the children to making the handicrafts, clothes, and preparing the goods to be sold, it was up to the woman to do.
Today, although many women are encouraged to work, they are vastly held back in terms of employment commitment. Mr. Al Fahim noted that many cannot give in to the standard work hours from nine to five or their job because of their families and their children. They must get up early to take their children to school and the commute would not allow them to be on time in the workplace. Furthermore, their children will not have anyone to pick them up from school in the afternoon if their mothers must adhere to the nine to five schedules. For other women, their job opportunity is located in a location where it would not be possible for them to commute to, either by carpool or simply because of the distance. Because households are greatly protective of their daughters, some women do not drive and must rely on designated drivers. These are a few ways in which women may be deterred from the workplace.
Despite these complications, there are truly remarkable women that we have met who have taken advantage of this culture and succeeded in bringing about their personal success. Raja Al Gurg was the first businesswoman that we had the honor to meet. She is one of the leading business leaders in the UAE with over twenty nine companies and three thousand employees under her management. Her journey was a long but determined path and her message stirred our minds as she was envisioning the model Arab woman business leader while forgetting that she is one herself. In this patriarchal culture where sons receive preferential treatment when inheritance matters are at hand, Mrs. Al Gurg was able to take a leap into her career path by proposing to take over her father’s company. She luckily granted with this right over her two brothers, and immediately took it upon herself to prove to the existing managers that she was capable of managing.
An important message that she delivered is that when you are allowed to establish a firm sense of self and unshakable confidence in yourself, you can go out into the world at large and be far less likely to put up with biases. One of the greatest things that she did was integrate her past experience with her new job. As an already renowned school principal, she took this desire to achieve a good reputation with her already solid management skills and approached this new job as if it were another school. With no previous business background, she was able to integrate her self confidence into a new task and this positive attitude allowed her to remain unyielding within the years that she had to catch up with her co-workers in the business field. During this time, she treated everyone with the utmost respect, and even worked in the warehouses alongside the employees who were under her management. Although she never admitted that she faced any skepticism and proved to us that she was successful steering herself away from any doubts because of her diligence and dedication to her work. Her attitude pointed out that in this culture, it is the confidence that you build within yourself which allows you to confront any threat of adversity in a positive way which makes you a strong leader.
When asked about her family, Mrs. Al Gurg noted that it was an important part of her life and any other Emirati woman’s life. In fact, Emirati women want to be treated as wives, because “we have our part, and we take our part equally as men.” She explained that motherhood is something that this culture is proud of, and that it is the foundation of her career as it helped her manage her time wisely. Being a mother allowed her to become attentive in the work place as well as at home, and this is something she is distinctly proud of. For Emirati women, Mrs. Al Gurg stated that the general consensus of Emirati women would choose to raise a perfect family over a perfect career for themselves because they are contributing to the good of society rather than contributing to the corruption with ill-educated children. This part of UAE culture is a particularly strong influence in women’s personal leadership journeys, and this is why some women choose not to take on a demanding work schedule because it would interfere with their first and foremost duty.
Another woman leader we have met was Salwa Saad Shabani, an entrepreneur who ran numerous successful companies in selected industries where she saw her diversified services could be needed the most. Out of the three speakers that we had that day at Zayed University in Abu Dhabi, I was left with the impression that she was very innovative as an Arab businesswoman. Already married at the age fifteen and is now the mother of four children, she has proven to be another role model for many aspiring Emirati women today because of her attitude within the UAE culture that allowed her to thrive in the business world, a similar characteristic also found when we spoke with Raja Al Gurg. She chose to remain a part of the traditional culture as a mother while managing her time with her businesses. Because she had two very different responsibilities in her life, her lesson to us was that diligence in the work place and dedication is key to finding the opportunity for success. Being a woman in a male-dominated field in this culture means that there will times when the woman is forced into challenges and times when she has to challenge herself by taking initiative while remaining firm. She reminded us that no matter how much traditional culture can steer many women away from succeeding in their career goals and dreams, the way women can manipulate their lifestyle in order to balance their family and work life that makes them successful. With the changing culture of the UAE where more and more women are given the opportunity to pursue a career, patience and charisma determines how well they will be in the process of achieving leadership goals.
As more and more families are accepting the fact that their daughters should hold a job as a significant contribution to their society, it is more common for women to pursue higher education than men. As learned through my conversations with ZU students at the Leadership Workshop, it was a surprising fact to find that men either take a job in the military or inherit their father’s business, and this is why many men do not complete their higher education degrees. Currently, more women are becoming driven to take on new opportunities and the ZU students that I interacted with had an overwhelming amount of motivation to pursue higher studies to eventually reach their career goals. Through their leadership class they have acquired much knowledge in gaining leadership skills, and many have been actively changing some of their traditional beliefs in the household so that they can enrich their learning experience. One student whom I spoke with, Abeer, came from a conservative family and she was only recently given the permission to go study abroad in Spain with her class. Many women at the Univesity have the opportunity to study abroad, however there are a number who are held under their traditions. Surprisingly, money is not the motivation for their effort and energy spent in higher education; rather, it is the leadership skill that they gain that is valuable because it provides them with an everlasting talent that can be utilized later in the work force and for running their families.
-Helen
Wednesday, June 20, 2007
Women's Personal Leadership Journey in the UAE
Before traveling to the UAE, I bought into the cultural stereotype and had a particular cultural lens that interpreted or suggested that women in the UAE are soft, dependant on men, are not considered equal to men and are dominated by men. I read that there is gender segregation, with women deferring to their husbands’ authority to sustain the social reputation of their husband in the community as head of the household. Although there were indications that the women of UAE in recent years have become business owners and great leaders, I had difficulty shaking the stereotype that the only roles played by women were to take care of the children and the home. I thought this to be the case because of the fact that this is a power distance culture where followers obey their leaders, mostly men, without question, and from media reports that gave the impression that men dominate the woman in that culture.
This notion was quickly dispelled on my first day in the UAE, when we visited a mosque. There were two people guiding us through the mosque experience and it was clear that the female guide was more confident, very knowledgeable and didn’t defer to her male counterpart. As a matter of fact, it was evident that he deferred to her and relied on her for clarification and confirmation. We were not surprised to later learn that she is a Zayed University student.
We followed very strict instructions on dress code and most importantly, the need to cover our heads. I again viewed this as another way to subdue the women. With no knowledge of how to arrange the head cover, I asked another student who happens to be from Saudi Arabia to help me with the adjustment of my head cover.
The tour guides at the Mosque explained the order of protocol of the mosque. They explained the number of times (5-6) per day the call goes out for prayer and the ablution that is necessary for each person before they enter the mosque. The ablution process is an important aspect of the visit for prayer. As I listened to and watched the demonstration of the washing process, that is the ablution, and the emphasis placed on it, one very common saying in my culture came to mind, that is, "cleanliness is next to Godliness".
The guides demonstrated the prayer typically said and led by the Imam, the male spiritual or prayer leader of the mosque, and pointed out where he stands and speaks to the members in the mosque. It was explained that women who are at home with the children typically takes time to pray at the same time the call for prayer goes out and are not necessarily missing out on praying. It was also mentioned that women who are able to come to the Mosque for prayer must always pray in a separate room to the men. The reason given for the separation of the sexes is the need to eliminate the distraction for the men, since a major part of prayer necessitates some bending.
Meeting Madam Al-Gurg turned out to be a really informative meeting as she explained to us how she became one of the most respected woman leaders in the UAE. I was surprised to hear her say that she volunteered to take over her father’s business when she realized that her brothers were reluctant to. I was also surprised that in a male dominant culture that she had the confidence she could step into her father’s footsteps. She not only stepped into her father’s footsteps, she has been able to not only maintain the companies, but also added new ones.
As I listened to her talk about her journey, I was impressed that she was able to raise her children by carefully choosing a career, a teaching job, which would allow her the flexibility she needed to work and at the same time take care of her children. She was able to do this in a culture where women were expected to stay home to take care of their children and the home. She found ways to get around the stereotype that women belong in the home.
I get the sense that her father recognized that she had lots of determination, organizational and leadership skills. I was also impressed that Madam Al-Gurg is able to effectively lead in a male dominated society and as she explained, she uses her cooperative leadership skills and acts as a friend to all employees. She clearly stated that she never try to establish herself as the boss and is not afraid to even work on the loading docks if she thought it was necessary. Madam Al-Gurg pointed out that as women, it is important to recognize your strength and making it work for you. Is a good quality to develop and she seemed to have done that in the male dominated culture that she operates in.
Madam Al-Gurg also talked about the need to have flexible work arrangements for young mothers joining the workforce in an ever changing society and she is not shy at using her voice and influence to try and effectuate the change. When she mentioned that there is talk of getting businesses to have on site childcare centers I kept thinking that the movement for change is on. I respect the fact that she invests the time in such issues and admire her involvement in the discussions with officials regarding the need for flexible work arrangements and affordable childcare with a view to eliminate some of the issues that would prevent a woman from working. She acknowledges that there is a long way to go before this becomes the norm, but at least the dialogue has started. It was interesting to note however that her daughter has chosen to be a stay at home Mom and I didn’t get the sense that Madam Al-Gurg is discouraging her from doing so. Dedicating oneself to the care of children is a natural part of the culture. However, this is a high context society where messages contain many codes or implied meanings, and sometimes it is difficult to decipher what really is being said, and so, there is always the need to read between the lines.
Listening to the entrepreneur and author of the book, “From Rage to Riches”, Mohammed Al Fahim, as he spoke about the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s when the men would leave their families for six months to one year at a time to go fishing and pearl diving, it was the women who in addition to looking after the children, made the furniture for the home, knitted the clothing needed for the family, grind flower, made baskets and manage the sale in the market place of the fish their husbands brought. Women were good managers even then and kept their family in good order while their husbands were away.
This notion was quickly dispelled on my first day in the UAE, when we visited a mosque. There were two people guiding us through the mosque experience and it was clear that the female guide was more confident, very knowledgeable and didn’t defer to her male counterpart. As a matter of fact, it was evident that he deferred to her and relied on her for clarification and confirmation. We were not surprised to later learn that she is a Zayed University student.
We followed very strict instructions on dress code and most importantly, the need to cover our heads. I again viewed this as another way to subdue the women. With no knowledge of how to arrange the head cover, I asked another student who happens to be from Saudi Arabia to help me with the adjustment of my head cover.
The tour guides at the Mosque explained the order of protocol of the mosque. They explained the number of times (5-6) per day the call goes out for prayer and the ablution that is necessary for each person before they enter the mosque. The ablution process is an important aspect of the visit for prayer. As I listened to and watched the demonstration of the washing process, that is the ablution, and the emphasis placed on it, one very common saying in my culture came to mind, that is, "cleanliness is next to Godliness".
The guides demonstrated the prayer typically said and led by the Imam, the male spiritual or prayer leader of the mosque, and pointed out where he stands and speaks to the members in the mosque. It was explained that women who are at home with the children typically takes time to pray at the same time the call for prayer goes out and are not necessarily missing out on praying. It was also mentioned that women who are able to come to the Mosque for prayer must always pray in a separate room to the men. The reason given for the separation of the sexes is the need to eliminate the distraction for the men, since a major part of prayer necessitates some bending.
Meeting Madam Al-Gurg turned out to be a really informative meeting as she explained to us how she became one of the most respected woman leaders in the UAE. I was surprised to hear her say that she volunteered to take over her father’s business when she realized that her brothers were reluctant to. I was also surprised that in a male dominant culture that she had the confidence she could step into her father’s footsteps. She not only stepped into her father’s footsteps, she has been able to not only maintain the companies, but also added new ones.
As I listened to her talk about her journey, I was impressed that she was able to raise her children by carefully choosing a career, a teaching job, which would allow her the flexibility she needed to work and at the same time take care of her children. She was able to do this in a culture where women were expected to stay home to take care of their children and the home. She found ways to get around the stereotype that women belong in the home.
I get the sense that her father recognized that she had lots of determination, organizational and leadership skills. I was also impressed that Madam Al-Gurg is able to effectively lead in a male dominated society and as she explained, she uses her cooperative leadership skills and acts as a friend to all employees. She clearly stated that she never try to establish herself as the boss and is not afraid to even work on the loading docks if she thought it was necessary. Madam Al-Gurg pointed out that as women, it is important to recognize your strength and making it work for you. Is a good quality to develop and she seemed to have done that in the male dominated culture that she operates in.
Madam Al-Gurg also talked about the need to have flexible work arrangements for young mothers joining the workforce in an ever changing society and she is not shy at using her voice and influence to try and effectuate the change. When she mentioned that there is talk of getting businesses to have on site childcare centers I kept thinking that the movement for change is on. I respect the fact that she invests the time in such issues and admire her involvement in the discussions with officials regarding the need for flexible work arrangements and affordable childcare with a view to eliminate some of the issues that would prevent a woman from working. She acknowledges that there is a long way to go before this becomes the norm, but at least the dialogue has started. It was interesting to note however that her daughter has chosen to be a stay at home Mom and I didn’t get the sense that Madam Al-Gurg is discouraging her from doing so. Dedicating oneself to the care of children is a natural part of the culture. However, this is a high context society where messages contain many codes or implied meanings, and sometimes it is difficult to decipher what really is being said, and so, there is always the need to read between the lines.
Listening to the entrepreneur and author of the book, “From Rage to Riches”, Mohammed Al Fahim, as he spoke about the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s when the men would leave their families for six months to one year at a time to go fishing and pearl diving, it was the women who in addition to looking after the children, made the furniture for the home, knitted the clothing needed for the family, grind flower, made baskets and manage the sale in the market place of the fish their husbands brought. Women were good managers even then and kept their family in good order while their husbands were away.
UAE Postdeparture Paper - Section 1
Western media often portrays the UAE, most especially Dubai, in a positive manner. For those who generalize about the Middle East, the UAE may seem like another country that oppresses women or cultivates Islamic fundamentalism. Yet the UAE is one of, if not the most, progressive nations in the region. I have relatives that have traveled to and live in the UAE so I had a relatively enlightened view of the country and I tried to suppress any preconceived notions. This travel course allowed us to experience a vastly different culture not just as tourists, but as insiders on many occasions. Several important cultural themes were evident in most aspects of UAE society: education and women in the work force, religion, family orientation, mixed feelings about Dubai’s rate of growth, and “Middle Eastern time.”
1. What is your interpretation of the UAE culture and how has it influenced you?
The UAE has come a long way since the 1960s. The nation has transformed from a compilation of tribes to a united state of seven emirates. A country that was once a barren desert and palm huts has transformed into a hotspot for tourism, economic growth, and social change within the last decade. Meeting students from Zayed University was very informative. It was as though they were Simmons’ equivalent in the UAE; although in UAE culture, segregated education is the norm rather than the exception. Some citizens of the UAE still hold traditional beliefs. These beliefs include ideas such as: women should stay in the home, women do not need to be educated, and mrn will provide everything so the women should not work. Many students at Zayed are the first generation in their families to receive formal education and training. As female college students, these women are crafting new social norms.
Zayed displayed many of the attributes that Simmons holds dear, most especially leadership and personal strength. Many Zayed students were driven individuals with high aspirations for what they hoped to accomplish in the future. Others, like me, appreciated the opportunities afforded by education but were still unsure what future path to take. Still others wanted to be educated so they could be better mothers, and did not aspire to have powerful careers or work particularly hard in college. Some of the faculty members thought the latter trend would change in a few more years. The most striking feeling upon meeting and conversing with the students was the thought “Wow. They are so much like me.” I realized that subconsciously I had expected them to be drastically different.
Religion is more important to daily life in the UAE than it is for most people in the USA. The visit to Jumeirah Mosque was inspiring for a few reasons. First, the presenters gave good insight into the significance of Islam in a Middle Eastern culture. Second, this is where we first met Khulood, who became an excellent resource for the remainder of the trip. At a discussion lunch at Simmons last year, a Muslim woman said to the room “Islam is not just a religion; it is a way of life.” The tenants of Islam affect all aspects of society in Muslim cultures. Many women in the UAE choose to wear abayas and shaylas to appear modest outside the home. Modesty is a very important virtue in the culture and women must be fully covered in front of anyone who is not in the family. Ohood, a student I spoke with, explained that people do not date very often and if they do, the man is often a family friend or someone the parents know well.
Family collectivism is strong in the UAE. Ohood told me that working hours are a key factor when students are considering job possibilities. She is determined to pursue a career when she graduates rather than immediately marrying, a trend which is gradually increasing but still not common. However, she said that in general, marriage and family are always one’s top priority. The job a woman chooses to take often must be approved by (male) members of her family. It was interesting to hear that it is not uncommon for fathers or husbands to accompany a woman on a job interview, to make sure it is a safe and comfortable place to work. This kind of environment is slightly less fostered in the US, where subtle sexual harassment and discrimination against women still exists in the workplace.
A couple days after arriving, we went on a safari ride in the desert. The ride began with "dune bashing" in Land Crusiers. Then we arrived at a Bedouin-style camp. After riding camels and taking pictures, I wandered over to the camel farm. As I took pictures through the fence, a man beckoned me inside. He began talking to me about the camels and how he owns the camel farm and the desert safari business. He was eager to take my picture touching the camels and even made me feed them and taste fresh camel’s milk. He asked me where I was from, where I was staying and why I was here. I told how our class had traveled from Boston to learn about cross-cultural leadership.
He began to talk to me about Dubai and how quickly it has changed and how busy it has become. He used to live in Dubai but he chose to move out of the city as he disdains the traffic and fast pace of life. He began his safari business as well as the camel farm. He spoke of his love of animals and the need to preserve cultural heritage. He wanted to begin this business so that people will learn about and experience the Bedouin lifestyle, and so tourists could meet "real Arabs". We commiserated about how Dubai has grown so quickly that most of the native culture has been lost in the dust. However, it is a striking paradox that although he disdains the fast-paced ultra modern city, he is more than happy to capitalize on the tourism it attracts.
It seems that people in Dubai have mixed feelings about the changes in the city. When they say "I am from Dubai" or "I have lived in Dubai for 30 years", they say it with pride. Yet as the city continues to grow and prosper, some people begin to miss their old lives when they were not stuck in traffic for three hours to travel 5-10 miles. The leadership director posed this question to a few students the other night: Is Dubai an Arab city? This is a hard question to answer, and something that many people often wonder. Mosques are present in every neighbor and the melodious call to prayer rings out five times daily. However, most streets have American and European stores and chain restaurants: Starbucks, Claire's, Zara, Chili's, and Pizza Hut to name a few. Most people speak excellent English, which is surprising, and almost 70 percent of the residents of Dubai are not even Emirati!
I cannot imagine the inner turmoil I would feel if the town I had grown up in had suddenly turned into a tourist attraction in just a few years. It seems like residents of the UAE had varying opinions on Dubai’s fast growth. Most of the students at Zayed in Dubai as well as the citizens we encountered in the city were very proud and excited about Dubai’s growth and its future. Yet people outside the city, in Al Ain and in Abu Dhabi, are more hesitant to exclaim about the rate of growth. Another observation that struck me was the type of clothing sold in the malls. I knew that Dubai was a huge shopping center, but I was not expecting to see all the flimsy dresses and shirts in stores like Forever 21 and Zara. I was also shocked that some of the stores were playing American rap music and reggaeton, most of which have very dirty lyrics. This observation made me wonder where and what is the market for this type of clothing and do the shoppers understand the lyrics they are hearing on the radio? The Western malls and the environment they foster seemed like a cultural clash in an Arab society.
The reactions of foreign faculty compared to the students’ reactions were the most interesting to observe. Although most faculty members enjoy Dubai immensely, they are critical about its rapid expansion without consideration for the environment or sustainability of the growth, resources, and exploited workers. I especially appreciated Ron’s honesty as he had been living there the longest.
The most frustrating cultural difference was learning to deal with “Middle Eastern time” on a daily basis. I am very organized and somewhat of a perfectionist. I am constantly writing lists and notes in my planner and I always follow through on an engagement. I knew to expect the ambiguity because Arab societies score low for uncertainty avoidance, meaning they do not place as much importance on structure and time commitments as people in the US. These societies tolerate change and are more group-oriented versus our more rigid, individualistic business world. It was unfortunate that some of the successful women we had planned to see could not meet with us. However, improvisation must be another integral part of UAE culture and many of the impromptu discussions with faculty and staff were equally informative.
There were many differences between American and Emirati culture. Yet I think the similarities stayed with me more. I appreciated the hospitality and honesty of the people we spoke with, and I enjoyed getting a glimpse of a culture amidst transition.
1. What is your interpretation of the UAE culture and how has it influenced you?
The UAE has come a long way since the 1960s. The nation has transformed from a compilation of tribes to a united state of seven emirates. A country that was once a barren desert and palm huts has transformed into a hotspot for tourism, economic growth, and social change within the last decade. Meeting students from Zayed University was very informative. It was as though they were Simmons’ equivalent in the UAE; although in UAE culture, segregated education is the norm rather than the exception. Some citizens of the UAE still hold traditional beliefs. These beliefs include ideas such as: women should stay in the home, women do not need to be educated, and mrn will provide everything so the women should not work. Many students at Zayed are the first generation in their families to receive formal education and training. As female college students, these women are crafting new social norms.
Zayed displayed many of the attributes that Simmons holds dear, most especially leadership and personal strength. Many Zayed students were driven individuals with high aspirations for what they hoped to accomplish in the future. Others, like me, appreciated the opportunities afforded by education but were still unsure what future path to take. Still others wanted to be educated so they could be better mothers, and did not aspire to have powerful careers or work particularly hard in college. Some of the faculty members thought the latter trend would change in a few more years. The most striking feeling upon meeting and conversing with the students was the thought “Wow. They are so much like me.” I realized that subconsciously I had expected them to be drastically different.
Religion is more important to daily life in the UAE than it is for most people in the USA. The visit to Jumeirah Mosque was inspiring for a few reasons. First, the presenters gave good insight into the significance of Islam in a Middle Eastern culture. Second, this is where we first met Khulood, who became an excellent resource for the remainder of the trip. At a discussion lunch at Simmons last year, a Muslim woman said to the room “Islam is not just a religion; it is a way of life.” The tenants of Islam affect all aspects of society in Muslim cultures. Many women in the UAE choose to wear abayas and shaylas to appear modest outside the home. Modesty is a very important virtue in the culture and women must be fully covered in front of anyone who is not in the family. Ohood, a student I spoke with, explained that people do not date very often and if they do, the man is often a family friend or someone the parents know well.
Family collectivism is strong in the UAE. Ohood told me that working hours are a key factor when students are considering job possibilities. She is determined to pursue a career when she graduates rather than immediately marrying, a trend which is gradually increasing but still not common. However, she said that in general, marriage and family are always one’s top priority. The job a woman chooses to take often must be approved by (male) members of her family. It was interesting to hear that it is not uncommon for fathers or husbands to accompany a woman on a job interview, to make sure it is a safe and comfortable place to work. This kind of environment is slightly less fostered in the US, where subtle sexual harassment and discrimination against women still exists in the workplace.
A couple days after arriving, we went on a safari ride in the desert. The ride began with "dune bashing" in Land Crusiers. Then we arrived at a Bedouin-style camp. After riding camels and taking pictures, I wandered over to the camel farm. As I took pictures through the fence, a man beckoned me inside. He began talking to me about the camels and how he owns the camel farm and the desert safari business. He was eager to take my picture touching the camels and even made me feed them and taste fresh camel’s milk. He asked me where I was from, where I was staying and why I was here. I told how our class had traveled from Boston to learn about cross-cultural leadership.
He began to talk to me about Dubai and how quickly it has changed and how busy it has become. He used to live in Dubai but he chose to move out of the city as he disdains the traffic and fast pace of life. He began his safari business as well as the camel farm. He spoke of his love of animals and the need to preserve cultural heritage. He wanted to begin this business so that people will learn about and experience the Bedouin lifestyle, and so tourists could meet "real Arabs". We commiserated about how Dubai has grown so quickly that most of the native culture has been lost in the dust. However, it is a striking paradox that although he disdains the fast-paced ultra modern city, he is more than happy to capitalize on the tourism it attracts.
It seems that people in Dubai have mixed feelings about the changes in the city. When they say "I am from Dubai" or "I have lived in Dubai for 30 years", they say it with pride. Yet as the city continues to grow and prosper, some people begin to miss their old lives when they were not stuck in traffic for three hours to travel 5-10 miles. The leadership director posed this question to a few students the other night: Is Dubai an Arab city? This is a hard question to answer, and something that many people often wonder. Mosques are present in every neighbor and the melodious call to prayer rings out five times daily. However, most streets have American and European stores and chain restaurants: Starbucks, Claire's, Zara, Chili's, and Pizza Hut to name a few. Most people speak excellent English, which is surprising, and almost 70 percent of the residents of Dubai are not even Emirati!
I cannot imagine the inner turmoil I would feel if the town I had grown up in had suddenly turned into a tourist attraction in just a few years. It seems like residents of the UAE had varying opinions on Dubai’s fast growth. Most of the students at Zayed in Dubai as well as the citizens we encountered in the city were very proud and excited about Dubai’s growth and its future. Yet people outside the city, in Al Ain and in Abu Dhabi, are more hesitant to exclaim about the rate of growth. Another observation that struck me was the type of clothing sold in the malls. I knew that Dubai was a huge shopping center, but I was not expecting to see all the flimsy dresses and shirts in stores like Forever 21 and Zara. I was also shocked that some of the stores were playing American rap music and reggaeton, most of which have very dirty lyrics. This observation made me wonder where and what is the market for this type of clothing and do the shoppers understand the lyrics they are hearing on the radio? The Western malls and the environment they foster seemed like a cultural clash in an Arab society.
The reactions of foreign faculty compared to the students’ reactions were the most interesting to observe. Although most faculty members enjoy Dubai immensely, they are critical about its rapid expansion without consideration for the environment or sustainability of the growth, resources, and exploited workers. I especially appreciated Ron’s honesty as he had been living there the longest.
The most frustrating cultural difference was learning to deal with “Middle Eastern time” on a daily basis. I am very organized and somewhat of a perfectionist. I am constantly writing lists and notes in my planner and I always follow through on an engagement. I knew to expect the ambiguity because Arab societies score low for uncertainty avoidance, meaning they do not place as much importance on structure and time commitments as people in the US. These societies tolerate change and are more group-oriented versus our more rigid, individualistic business world. It was unfortunate that some of the successful women we had planned to see could not meet with us. However, improvisation must be another integral part of UAE culture and many of the impromptu discussions with faculty and staff were equally informative.
There were many differences between American and Emirati culture. Yet I think the similarities stayed with me more. I appreciated the hospitality and honesty of the people we spoke with, and I enjoyed getting a glimpse of a culture amidst transition.
Tuesday, June 19, 2007
postdeparture paper / Section 3
3) Cultural influence the organizational and social practices in different ways in the
UAE.
Due to religious and traditional issues females and males go to separate schools and
universities, this resulted in having many women who prefer to work in female sectors
only .Thus , the majority of the female manpower is in education and health care .
Women in the UAE are lucky enough to have various employment alternatives. A girl can
choose to either work in an only women institution or get engaged with men.
Women from wealthier families who have a better chance for higher education often fail to
realize their full potential. Most educated women prefer jobs more suited to their social
status rather than jobs consistent with their qualifications or abilities. Despite all
the incentives and official encouragement given to them to continue education, many young
women and girls leave school early to marry and raise children.
Though, according to the Labor Law, there is no discrimination between men and women in
terms of salaries for the same posts, the architects of the law have taken into account
the fact that certain special conditions apply to women.
The government approved a law to give women entitlement to three months' maternity leave
with full pay and six months at half pay to look after her newborn child.
Also, Muslim female employees are granted special paid leave for a period of four months
and ten days if their spouse dies, in accordance with the Islamic Sharia law.
Women can be granted at least two months' leave if they are obliged to accompany a
parent or a child abroad for medical treatment, a facility available to both men and
women, but one which is, at the same time, likely to be of more importance to mothers and
to daughters.
Today, Emiratis are a minority in their own country. With the immersion of East and West,
144 nationalities coexist in one nation making the UAE a very diverse culture. Many
Emiratis feel their culture is under siege due to globalization. The government has
responded to these growing concerns by offering incentives and privileges to Emriatis
such as free education and health care, interest free loans through Islamic banks, and
other financial assistance in starting a business.
Moreover, when it comes to employment many capable Emarati women are pulled back. The two
greatest hardships women face are obstacles within employment and the lack of career
training. Women in the UAE are challenged in their workforce and especially by men .They
defend their right for equal opportunity and are taking advantages of modernization and
globalization.
During the Leadership Conference held in Zayed University, we interacted with some
Emarati students. Professor Gupta asked the students: "What motivates you to work ?"
Few students think of work as something to do with their free time, yet the majority
said that their main motivation for working is career development and also pursing their
financial needs.
One of the major issues that women face in their workforce is that the payment isn't the
same with opposite genders. Also, decision making positions are mostly male dominant.
During our visit to the career plan services in Zayed's University, an Emarti woman
mentioned how some parents refuse that their daughters apply to jobs. In some cases,
parents become overprotective of their daughters and show up during their job interviews.
There are many women working in various sectors such as businesses, commerce, oil
industry, and media besides the traditional work fields in education and health.
The employment of women is helped by the active involvement of women in the media. There
are television and radio programs aimed exclusively at the female audience and magazines
devoted to topics of interest to women.
In our visit to Zayed University , we met with a successful figure in the UAE who was a
great source of inspiration to me. He is Mohammad Al Fahim, a very successful business
man who supports and persuades females to take the lead and reach the top. He is also the
Chairman and managing director of al Fahim Group and companies and the author of the book
( From Rags to Riches).
He is an outspoken man who inspired me with his stories of success and also motivated me
as a female student to start thinking "business wise ", and to take the initiative to
innovate.
Al Fahim is an activist in the Abu Dhabi economy who emphasizes the prominent role of
women in leadership positions throughout the workplace.
I was actually impressed when I heard him say that Emarati women are now holding most of
the decision-making positions in his companies. Women would start by holding secretary
positions and in no time dominating the whole workplace. He has such an enthusiastic
attitude when it comes to supporting women and giving them great privileges in the
business field, such as the flexibility in the working hours and the good salaries.
He also discussed some major challenges that might hinder the participation of women in
such private sector positions .He emphasized the need for women to participate and fill
the gaps .He believes that with easier access to a driver's license and public
transportation, more women will be able to commute to work and earn an income.
Fahim has implemented his ideas into his realty business by extending flexible work hours
to his employees. " Women need flexible hours so that they can raise children, maintain a
household, and pursue a career without sacrificing herself or feeling neglectful toward
her family".
With all these advancements that Fahim points out, Emirati women are still being held
back by local tradition and culture.
Also, we met a successful business woman in Zayed University who gave us an inspiring
presentation.
Huda Al Matroushi ,a women who has a great zeal for learning, initially started her
business on a small scale. She did much of the art and crafts work at home after working
hours, making give-away items for her friends. When she realised that people had a real
interest in her heritage items, she was encouraged to set up her own business which, in
her opinion, is benefiting her both professionally and culturally by bringing a new
vitality to the traditional life that the younger generation are beginning to forget. The
real challenge Huda faces is balancing her different roles; a businesswoman, a member of
the Abu Dhabi Businesswomen Council, and a proud mother of five.
She mentioned that young ladies in the UAE are highly encouraged to enter the private
sector and become successful entrepreneurs. They are privileged to be sponsored with a
30, 000 AED and a free exhibition shop for a year long. The government also provides
special funds for young entrepreneurs.
Although the challenges still remain, women are being sponsored financially and
emotionally by their governments. In return, the UAE is proud to announce such great
women role models to the whole world.
The question remains, however, how can a society create a working environment that
fosters a balance between work and home life for working parents? A multitask as this is
not impossible for women in UAE because their government is providing incentives in
order to encourage young girls to enter the workforce.
UAE.
Due to religious and traditional issues females and males go to separate schools and
universities, this resulted in having many women who prefer to work in female sectors
only .Thus , the majority of the female manpower is in education and health care .
Women in the UAE are lucky enough to have various employment alternatives. A girl can
choose to either work in an only women institution or get engaged with men.
Women from wealthier families who have a better chance for higher education often fail to
realize their full potential. Most educated women prefer jobs more suited to their social
status rather than jobs consistent with their qualifications or abilities. Despite all
the incentives and official encouragement given to them to continue education, many young
women and girls leave school early to marry and raise children.
Though, according to the Labor Law, there is no discrimination between men and women in
terms of salaries for the same posts, the architects of the law have taken into account
the fact that certain special conditions apply to women.
The government approved a law to give women entitlement to three months' maternity leave
with full pay and six months at half pay to look after her newborn child.
Also, Muslim female employees are granted special paid leave for a period of four months
and ten days if their spouse dies, in accordance with the Islamic Sharia law.
Women can be granted at least two months' leave if they are obliged to accompany a
parent or a child abroad for medical treatment, a facility available to both men and
women, but one which is, at the same time, likely to be of more importance to mothers and
to daughters.
Today, Emiratis are a minority in their own country. With the immersion of East and West,
144 nationalities coexist in one nation making the UAE a very diverse culture. Many
Emiratis feel their culture is under siege due to globalization. The government has
responded to these growing concerns by offering incentives and privileges to Emriatis
such as free education and health care, interest free loans through Islamic banks, and
other financial assistance in starting a business.
Moreover, when it comes to employment many capable Emarati women are pulled back. The two
greatest hardships women face are obstacles within employment and the lack of career
training. Women in the UAE are challenged in their workforce and especially by men .They
defend their right for equal opportunity and are taking advantages of modernization and
globalization.
During the Leadership Conference held in Zayed University, we interacted with some
Emarati students. Professor Gupta asked the students: "What motivates you to work ?"
Few students think of work as something to do with their free time, yet the majority
said that their main motivation for working is career development and also pursing their
financial needs.
One of the major issues that women face in their workforce is that the payment isn't the
same with opposite genders. Also, decision making positions are mostly male dominant.
During our visit to the career plan services in Zayed's University, an Emarti woman
mentioned how some parents refuse that their daughters apply to jobs. In some cases,
parents become overprotective of their daughters and show up during their job interviews.
There are many women working in various sectors such as businesses, commerce, oil
industry, and media besides the traditional work fields in education and health.
The employment of women is helped by the active involvement of women in the media. There
are television and radio programs aimed exclusively at the female audience and magazines
devoted to topics of interest to women.
In our visit to Zayed University , we met with a successful figure in the UAE who was a
great source of inspiration to me. He is Mohammad Al Fahim, a very successful business
man who supports and persuades females to take the lead and reach the top. He is also the
Chairman and managing director of al Fahim Group and companies and the author of the book
( From Rags to Riches).
He is an outspoken man who inspired me with his stories of success and also motivated me
as a female student to start thinking "business wise ", and to take the initiative to
innovate.
Al Fahim is an activist in the Abu Dhabi economy who emphasizes the prominent role of
women in leadership positions throughout the workplace.
I was actually impressed when I heard him say that Emarati women are now holding most of
the decision-making positions in his companies. Women would start by holding secretary
positions and in no time dominating the whole workplace. He has such an enthusiastic
attitude when it comes to supporting women and giving them great privileges in the
business field, such as the flexibility in the working hours and the good salaries.
He also discussed some major challenges that might hinder the participation of women in
such private sector positions .He emphasized the need for women to participate and fill
the gaps .He believes that with easier access to a driver's license and public
transportation, more women will be able to commute to work and earn an income.
Fahim has implemented his ideas into his realty business by extending flexible work hours
to his employees. " Women need flexible hours so that they can raise children, maintain a
household, and pursue a career without sacrificing herself or feeling neglectful toward
her family".
With all these advancements that Fahim points out, Emirati women are still being held
back by local tradition and culture.
Also, we met a successful business woman in Zayed University who gave us an inspiring
presentation.
Huda Al Matroushi ,a women who has a great zeal for learning, initially started her
business on a small scale. She did much of the art and crafts work at home after working
hours, making give-away items for her friends. When she realised that people had a real
interest in her heritage items, she was encouraged to set up her own business which, in
her opinion, is benefiting her both professionally and culturally by bringing a new
vitality to the traditional life that the younger generation are beginning to forget. The
real challenge Huda faces is balancing her different roles; a businesswoman, a member of
the Abu Dhabi Businesswomen Council, and a proud mother of five.
She mentioned that young ladies in the UAE are highly encouraged to enter the private
sector and become successful entrepreneurs. They are privileged to be sponsored with a
30, 000 AED and a free exhibition shop for a year long. The government also provides
special funds for young entrepreneurs.
Although the challenges still remain, women are being sponsored financially and
emotionally by their governments. In return, the UAE is proud to announce such great
women role models to the whole world.
The question remains, however, how can a society create a working environment that
fosters a balance between work and home life for working parents? A multitask as this is
not impossible for women in UAE because their government is providing incentives in
order to encourage young girls to enter the workforce.
Sunday, June 3, 2007
By Najla Tarabzouni
Today we visited the campus of zayed university in Abu Dhabi.
We have had the chance of meeting a very successful figure in UAE.
Mohammad Al Fahim is a businessman with a clear vision about the future of UAE .
He is also the Chairman and managing director of al Fahim Group and companies and the author of the book ( From Rags to Riches ).
He is an outspoken man who inspired me with his stories of success and also motivated me as a female student to start thinking “business wise “ and to take the initiative to innovate.
Al Fahim is an activist in the Abu Dhabi economy who emphasizes the prominent role of women in leadership positions through out the workplace.
I was actually impressed when I heard him say that emarati women are now holding most of the decision-making positions in his companies.
Women would start by holding secretary positions and in no time dominating the whole workplace.
He has such an enthusiastic attitudes when it comes to supporting women and giving them great privileges in the business field , such as the flexibility in the working hours and the good salaries .
He also discussed some major challenges that might hinder the participation of women in such private sector positions .
and put emphasis on the need for women training opportunities in the UAE.
I am glad I have had the chance to get an insight into a life of a such a successful man who gives female students much of his time and priceless words.
We have had the chance of meeting a very successful figure in UAE.
Mohammad Al Fahim is a businessman with a clear vision about the future of UAE .
He is also the Chairman and managing director of al Fahim Group and companies and the author of the book ( From Rags to Riches ).
He is an outspoken man who inspired me with his stories of success and also motivated me as a female student to start thinking “business wise “ and to take the initiative to innovate.
Al Fahim is an activist in the Abu Dhabi economy who emphasizes the prominent role of women in leadership positions through out the workplace.
I was actually impressed when I heard him say that emarati women are now holding most of the decision-making positions in his companies.
Women would start by holding secretary positions and in no time dominating the whole workplace.
He has such an enthusiastic attitudes when it comes to supporting women and giving them great privileges in the business field , such as the flexibility in the working hours and the good salaries .
He also discussed some major challenges that might hinder the participation of women in such private sector positions .
and put emphasis on the need for women training opportunities in the UAE.
I am glad I have had the chance to get an insight into a life of a such a successful man who gives female students much of his time and priceless words.
The inspiring life of an Emirati woman
By Rana Alsweilem
Today I met one of the most inspiring women I have ever met. Her name is Salwa Shaibani and she is a business woman who has struggled to reach the position she has reached in her career. Before she was widowed, she was working in a bank and a mother of 4 daughters but also wanted to open her own business.
Even though that didn't work out well for her and she almost lost her money and family, she was able to find her way out of her mess and travelled half way around the world to build her business back which was a slimming institute. However, after making that finally work, her husband passed away and that tragedy got her even in a worse situation. she had 4 daughters to support and no one to help her. However, she also did not let herself go there but actually found herself subconciously doing what her husband only dreamed of doing. As a result, she became the direct competitor to the company whrere her husband used to work.
I found that part of her life the most inspiring to me. I was very touched by how hard her life was but how strong of a woman she truly was. I was also surprised by how strong and motivated she was to go on even though she said she did not have a role model. As she said, "some people were born to be leaders", and I guess she was one of them.
Today I met one of the most inspiring women I have ever met. Her name is Salwa Shaibani and she is a business woman who has struggled to reach the position she has reached in her career. Before she was widowed, she was working in a bank and a mother of 4 daughters but also wanted to open her own business.
Even though that didn't work out well for her and she almost lost her money and family, she was able to find her way out of her mess and travelled half way around the world to build her business back which was a slimming institute. However, after making that finally work, her husband passed away and that tragedy got her even in a worse situation. she had 4 daughters to support and no one to help her. However, she also did not let herself go there but actually found herself subconciously doing what her husband only dreamed of doing. As a result, she became the direct competitor to the company whrere her husband used to work.
I found that part of her life the most inspiring to me. I was very touched by how hard her life was but how strong of a woman she truly was. I was also surprised by how strong and motivated she was to go on even though she said she did not have a role model. As she said, "some people were born to be leaders", and I guess she was one of them.
Zayed University Dubai
The most informative and interesting experience that I have had on this trip was the one on one time we spent with the ladies at Zayed University. While I have always considered myself to be opened minded to different cultures and experiences, I have to admit that women wearing the abaiya (black dress) and the sheila (black head scarf) have always been a little intimidating and foreign. During the time I spent talking with two intelligent and funny young ladies, Duaa and Maryam, I found that my fears and hesitations all but disappeared.
I learned so much more than I could possibly list here, but the most interesting were:
-the abaiya and sheila are worn for many different reasons such as modesty, cultural tradition, Islamic law (as women are required to cover themselves in the presence of men other then family memebers), as well as from family pressure
-Duaa comes from a family of 14 children (16 counting the deceased), most of whom live together in her father home. She herself wants at least 6 children of her own
-Her father has 2 wives
At first I was shocked at these differences in culture, and just by reading about this, I would have assumed that they could not possibly have anything in common with me. This could not be further from the truth.
While the ladies were covered from head to toe, underneath their abaiya's they were wearing skinny jeans and a t-shirt, carried flashy handbags and managed to walk around their huge campus in stilettos (a feat that even I couldn't manage...). Duaa speaks of her fathers second wife the same way my friends would talk about their step mothers. And while 14 children seems like a lot (I only have 1 sister) it's not different then living with all of my extended cousins (and I have to admit, it seems like fun).
We traded makeup tips, talked about annoying younger brothers and sisters, and what we wanted to do when we graduated. By the end of the day, the connection I had with them was the same as I could have made with any girl living in the US. As they walked us to the bus, promising to email us if they needed any help with their English homework, I knew I had made friends for life.
The experience helped to look past the abaiya and sheila and to look at these women as just that, women.
-J. Geula
I learned so much more than I could possibly list here, but the most interesting were:
-the abaiya and sheila are worn for many different reasons such as modesty, cultural tradition, Islamic law (as women are required to cover themselves in the presence of men other then family memebers), as well as from family pressure
-Duaa comes from a family of 14 children (16 counting the deceased), most of whom live together in her father home. She herself wants at least 6 children of her own
-Her father has 2 wives
At first I was shocked at these differences in culture, and just by reading about this, I would have assumed that they could not possibly have anything in common with me. This could not be further from the truth.
While the ladies were covered from head to toe, underneath their abaiya's they were wearing skinny jeans and a t-shirt, carried flashy handbags and managed to walk around their huge campus in stilettos (a feat that even I couldn't manage...). Duaa speaks of her fathers second wife the same way my friends would talk about their step mothers. And while 14 children seems like a lot (I only have 1 sister) it's not different then living with all of my extended cousins (and I have to admit, it seems like fun).
We traded makeup tips, talked about annoying younger brothers and sisters, and what we wanted to do when we graduated. By the end of the day, the connection I had with them was the same as I could have made with any girl living in the US. As they walked us to the bus, promising to email us if they needed any help with their English homework, I knew I had made friends for life.
The experience helped to look past the abaiya and sheila and to look at these women as just that, women.
-J. Geula
At our stay in Dubai, we went to a desert safari that was incredibly fun. we were divided into groups of five that went into separate safari jeeps. The safari experience was kind of riding a roller coaster yet much scarier. We went in great speed up and down hills and took very harsh turns that made us feel that we were going to flip over at anytime but of course the only thing that kept us going was i guess our blind trust in our trained drivers. However, we stopped every now and then to rest and take pictures of the amazing desert. Then, we arrived at the middle of the desert where we went on camel rides and rode motor cycles. Finally, we were served traditional Barbecue food and then gathered all around a circle with entertainment of a belly dancer. Our professor and some of the girls went up with the dancer and danced which was so much fun.
By
Maha Alsweilem
By
Maha Alsweilem
1st day at Zayed University Abu Dhabi Campus
June 3, 2007
Today is the third day in Abu Dhabi. The day began with a Q&A session with the Zayed students in the student council and embassy. Followed by a guest speaker, an author of From Rags to Riches, Mohammed Al-Fahim. As an individual born and raised in Abu Dhabi, he shared his personal story as well as life before the oil. He had also shared his personal family and how his children received their education in USA. He has shared his vision and ways as a father in a family as well as a leader in his firm. The second speaker was Robert Redford—a very influential individual around the world. Although his speech only lasted for no more than 5 minutes—he managed to briefly communicate across a message—Culture cannot be learned from the media—in which I believe is a very true statement, not only from my experience from this trip but from my life’s experiences, living in multiple countries as well as traveling. Our third speakers are women from the Abu Dhabi Businesswomen Council. The three speakers ranges from recent Zayed University graduate up to one of the most influential women in Abu Dhabi—all own their own company and have very similar vision for the women of UAE. All speakers today have been very influential however, I was able to connect most with the women from the Businesswomen council—as I have plans and visions of my own that is very similar to them for my country, Indonesia.
Jovita Tjandra
Today is the third day in Abu Dhabi. The day began with a Q&A session with the Zayed students in the student council and embassy. Followed by a guest speaker, an author of From Rags to Riches, Mohammed Al-Fahim. As an individual born and raised in Abu Dhabi, he shared his personal story as well as life before the oil. He had also shared his personal family and how his children received their education in USA. He has shared his vision and ways as a father in a family as well as a leader in his firm. The second speaker was Robert Redford—a very influential individual around the world. Although his speech only lasted for no more than 5 minutes—he managed to briefly communicate across a message—Culture cannot be learned from the media—in which I believe is a very true statement, not only from my experience from this trip but from my life’s experiences, living in multiple countries as well as traveling. Our third speakers are women from the Abu Dhabi Businesswomen Council. The three speakers ranges from recent Zayed University graduate up to one of the most influential women in Abu Dhabi—all own their own company and have very similar vision for the women of UAE. All speakers today have been very influential however, I was able to connect most with the women from the Businesswomen council—as I have plans and visions of my own that is very similar to them for my country, Indonesia.
Jovita Tjandra
Mohammed Al-Fahim
Written by Monica
Mohammed Al-Fahim, entrepreneur and author of “Rags to Riches,” spoke with us today about his experience through the development of Abu Dhabi in the UAE. Growing up in the 1950s and 60s, Abu Dhabi was a pearling village. There was no modernity during this time. Soon after the market for pearls faded, Abu Dhabians were left with fishing as a main source of income and trade. Fahim stated that during this time the absence of his father and other men due to their fishing and trade travels in Saudi Arabia, left him without a father figure for several months. In the absence of a male figure, women ran the household. They sold fish in the markets and handmade handicrafts consisting of: clothing, furniture, and textiles. When oil was discovered in Abu Dhabi in 1962, men returned to their town and cultivated this natural resource. Ex Patriots from the East and West arrived in Abu Dhabi and bringing electricity, plumbing, and created paved roads, making the Abu Dhabi an accessible and modern town. Fahim argued, “When we got electricity in 1967, man landed on the moon in 1969. We were far from other civilizations.” Along with the development of modern luxuries, education was introduced in 1959 in order to cultivate and integrate Emiratis into the mainstream. When schools first began there was no plumbing or water nourish school children, nor any textbooks to teach from. In 1966, Sheikh Zayed opened the first girls’ school in belief that girls and boys should be equally educated and valued in society.
Today, Emiratis are a minority in their own country. With the immersion of East and West, 144 Nationalities coexist in one nation making the UAE a very diverse culture. Many Emiratis feel their culture and citizens are under siege due to globalization. The government has responded to these growing concerns by offering incentives and privileges to Emriatis such as free education and health care, interest free loans through Islamic banks, and other financial assistance in starting a business. With all these advancements that Fahim points out, Emirati women are still being held back by local tradition and culture. He states the two greatest hardships women face are obstacles within employment and the lack of career training. He believes that with easier access to a driver’s license and public transportation, more women will be able to commute to work and earn an income. Fahim has implemented his ideas into his realty business by extending flexible work hours to his employees. Women need flexible hours so that they can raise children, maintain a household, and pursue a career without sacrificing herself or feeling neglectful toward her family.
Our class got the pleasure to hear from an Emirati businessman and his views about the modernization of the UAE and the advancement of women leadership all within the past 30 years.
Mohammed Al-Fahim, entrepreneur and author of “Rags to Riches,” spoke with us today about his experience through the development of Abu Dhabi in the UAE. Growing up in the 1950s and 60s, Abu Dhabi was a pearling village. There was no modernity during this time. Soon after the market for pearls faded, Abu Dhabians were left with fishing as a main source of income and trade. Fahim stated that during this time the absence of his father and other men due to their fishing and trade travels in Saudi Arabia, left him without a father figure for several months. In the absence of a male figure, women ran the household. They sold fish in the markets and handmade handicrafts consisting of: clothing, furniture, and textiles. When oil was discovered in Abu Dhabi in 1962, men returned to their town and cultivated this natural resource. Ex Patriots from the East and West arrived in Abu Dhabi and bringing electricity, plumbing, and created paved roads, making the Abu Dhabi an accessible and modern town. Fahim argued, “When we got electricity in 1967, man landed on the moon in 1969. We were far from other civilizations.” Along with the development of modern luxuries, education was introduced in 1959 in order to cultivate and integrate Emiratis into the mainstream. When schools first began there was no plumbing or water nourish school children, nor any textbooks to teach from. In 1966, Sheikh Zayed opened the first girls’ school in belief that girls and boys should be equally educated and valued in society.
Today, Emiratis are a minority in their own country. With the immersion of East and West, 144 Nationalities coexist in one nation making the UAE a very diverse culture. Many Emiratis feel their culture and citizens are under siege due to globalization. The government has responded to these growing concerns by offering incentives and privileges to Emriatis such as free education and health care, interest free loans through Islamic banks, and other financial assistance in starting a business. With all these advancements that Fahim points out, Emirati women are still being held back by local tradition and culture. He states the two greatest hardships women face are obstacles within employment and the lack of career training. He believes that with easier access to a driver’s license and public transportation, more women will be able to commute to work and earn an income. Fahim has implemented his ideas into his realty business by extending flexible work hours to his employees. Women need flexible hours so that they can raise children, maintain a household, and pursue a career without sacrificing herself or feeling neglectful toward her family.
Our class got the pleasure to hear from an Emirati businessman and his views about the modernization of the UAE and the advancement of women leadership all within the past 30 years.
Visit to Zayed University/ Salwa S. Saad Shaibani
June 3, 2007
Today we visited Zayed University in Abu Dhabi to hear a few speakers. We were lucky enough to here some very influential men and women speak. To be honest I wasn’t sure if they would even show up because of this whole “Middle Eastern time” theory, where people cancel last minute, and events change from hour to hour with no notice. I’ve gotten use to it now after spending 9 days in the UAE. However the most impressive speaker among the panel was Salwa S. Saad Shaibani. She is currently the treasurer of the Abu Dhabi Business Women Council; she is also an entrepreneur with many other companies. I found her speech motivating through her many achievements, for example starting her career in banking at a time when women leaders and women in high positions were non-existent in the UAE. Through all of Madam Salwa’s achievements and successful businesses she still presented her self in a rather humble fashion. Yet she made it clear that It was not easy for her to get where she is now and that it took very hard work, lots of listening, networking, etc. I truly believe if a woman in the UAE can surpass all of the cultural beliefs that most men and their conservative country hold, yet still progress into leadership roles and work in fields that are dominated by men and do a better job, there is no reason why I can’t do the same. I was lucky to hear her speak.
Alyce Hill
Today we visited Zayed University in Abu Dhabi to hear a few speakers. We were lucky enough to here some very influential men and women speak. To be honest I wasn’t sure if they would even show up because of this whole “Middle Eastern time” theory, where people cancel last minute, and events change from hour to hour with no notice. I’ve gotten use to it now after spending 9 days in the UAE. However the most impressive speaker among the panel was Salwa S. Saad Shaibani. She is currently the treasurer of the Abu Dhabi Business Women Council; she is also an entrepreneur with many other companies. I found her speech motivating through her many achievements, for example starting her career in banking at a time when women leaders and women in high positions were non-existent in the UAE. Through all of Madam Salwa’s achievements and successful businesses she still presented her self in a rather humble fashion. Yet she made it clear that It was not easy for her to get where she is now and that it took very hard work, lots of listening, networking, etc. I truly believe if a woman in the UAE can surpass all of the cultural beliefs that most men and their conservative country hold, yet still progress into leadership roles and work in fields that are dominated by men and do a better job, there is no reason why I can’t do the same. I was lucky to hear her speak.
Alyce Hill
Pati Experience- abu dhabi ZU campus
03 June 2007
Today I heard one of the most inspirational catchphrase that I will never forget, “Creativity is like I butterfly, catch it and it will die. Let it go and it flies.” This motto has inspired me to be myself in the business world. At young we are taught be our society that showing no emotions, be stern and all business in order to b e successful. The most significant lesson I will take with me from this trip is that is not true, success comes from authentic and passionate work dedication. Madam Salwa who is a mother, business owner, and a member of the Abu Dhabi Businesswomen Council among other things, shared this motto with us today. She went after her dreams, overcame obstacles and made changes for women in the UAE. While working and creating her goals she was not only looking for success in a monetary value she wanted to fulfill her souls desires. I am truly thankful for her authentic advice and guidance. I am also thankful for her dedication to advancing women in the UAE. She made it evidently clear that being patient, hard working are key aspects for women to succeed. She teaches by examples and the government and leaders of her country have noticed it. By being a part of the executive board for the Businesswomen Council she has been striving for 5 years to improve and create more opportunities for new generations to enter the business world. The last bit of advice she left us with something I have definitely learned at Simmons, and that is to network. Networking has helped to achieve success and also build a support group that she can rely on for experienced and valid advice. In conclusion I am glad to have met Madam Salwa because I now leave UAE with a totally new and more aware point of view of the UAE women.
We were also fortunate enough to hear the Author of Rags to Riches speak. He, father of four educated and success women, is a great supporter of women in the business world. As he stood, at the podium making joke about his height, he introduced himself as a average man working for a living who is proud of his country and culture. We learned a lot about him in 45minutes, including facts about his family, dreams, success and country. His humble beginnings has enabled him to be grateful, focused and a contributor to his country. For example his four daughters have each had his support to enter business sectors of their choice, to study where they would like and dedicate their time to causes that they are interested in. he has been both a economic and emotional supporter for his children (7 all together). When he spoke about writing “Rag to Riches” his face lid up and told us how the success of the book surpassed all of his monetary success. To him allowing nationals and international people learn about the past was more valuable than all of the money he has made. From him I learned to follow your heart and learn to give back to your culture, people and community.
Thanks and see you all soon Pati !!
Today I heard one of the most inspirational catchphrase that I will never forget, “Creativity is like I butterfly, catch it and it will die. Let it go and it flies.” This motto has inspired me to be myself in the business world. At young we are taught be our society that showing no emotions, be stern and all business in order to b e successful. The most significant lesson I will take with me from this trip is that is not true, success comes from authentic and passionate work dedication. Madam Salwa who is a mother, business owner, and a member of the Abu Dhabi Businesswomen Council among other things, shared this motto with us today. She went after her dreams, overcame obstacles and made changes for women in the UAE. While working and creating her goals she was not only looking for success in a monetary value she wanted to fulfill her souls desires. I am truly thankful for her authentic advice and guidance. I am also thankful for her dedication to advancing women in the UAE. She made it evidently clear that being patient, hard working are key aspects for women to succeed. She teaches by examples and the government and leaders of her country have noticed it. By being a part of the executive board for the Businesswomen Council she has been striving for 5 years to improve and create more opportunities for new generations to enter the business world. The last bit of advice she left us with something I have definitely learned at Simmons, and that is to network. Networking has helped to achieve success and also build a support group that she can rely on for experienced and valid advice. In conclusion I am glad to have met Madam Salwa because I now leave UAE with a totally new and more aware point of view of the UAE women.
We were also fortunate enough to hear the Author of Rags to Riches speak. He, father of four educated and success women, is a great supporter of women in the business world. As he stood, at the podium making joke about his height, he introduced himself as a average man working for a living who is proud of his country and culture. We learned a lot about him in 45minutes, including facts about his family, dreams, success and country. His humble beginnings has enabled him to be grateful, focused and a contributor to his country. For example his four daughters have each had his support to enter business sectors of their choice, to study where they would like and dedicate their time to causes that they are interested in. he has been both a economic and emotional supporter for his children (7 all together). When he spoke about writing “Rag to Riches” his face lid up and told us how the success of the book surpassed all of his monetary success. To him allowing nationals and international people learn about the past was more valuable than all of the money he has made. From him I learned to follow your heart and learn to give back to your culture, people and community.
Thanks and see you all soon Pati !!
Today we met with two impressive buisness women who were Huda AlMtroushi and Salwa Alshaibany. Huda AlMatroushi started with a coffee shop that unfortunately failed but she didn't give up and went back into the buisness world again opening an exhibit called "Ancestor's Heritage" which is now a great success. She now works along side her role model Salwa Alshaibany. Salwa alshaibany was one of the first buisness women in the UAE. Salwa was the first local lady to work as a manager of the Khalejie Commercial Bank -ladies branch.Then she moved to work in a foreign bank called Grindley's bank. After that, she opened the Papillion Slimming institute that was an introduction of awarness about health for women. at the begining of this project, she hired someone to mange her buisness but after 10 months she was going to loose everything. So, she taght us never let anyone manage your buisness which I thought was really interesting. Then then in 1989, she started Maltex International LL. with a slogan that was "" Making Dreams a Reality" that was a trading company. Moreover, in 1995 she applied to Harvard University and got 3 different certificates which were in the Owner/President Management program, the Agribuisness Seminar and the Women Leading Bsuisness. Nevertheless and after gtting her Harvard certificates, she opened the Codor Medical Waste Management CO.LTC which she felt was much harder thn she imagined even with all her experience. finally, in 2002 she won the Emiratee Buisness Women Award. I find this women very impressive especially that she was able to accomplish all her achievments facing so many struggles from being in a male dominant society to being a widow at the age of 35 and having to raise all her children alone.
By
Maha Alsweilem
By
Maha Alsweilem
Day 6:
After visiting the old palace of Sheik Sayed and the The Museum of Natural Heritage, we traveled to the University of the United Arab Emerites. We were warmly greeted by the students and faculty and it was evident from the onset that the students were eager to share with us their experiences, and happy to show the work they are doing at the UAEU. By the end of our visit it was clear that these students are high achievers and work very hard to prepare themselves to be good leaders in the UAE.
Over lunch, we shared information on each of the programs offered by our universities or college and generally talked about the type of course work needed to graduate in each of our various majors. Our programs are very similar and the requirements are also somewhat similar.
We quickly shared business cards and then we were off for a tour of their facility. The students were clearly proud of their work and their accomplishments as well as they should be. We appreciated the time they shared and respected the fact that some students were risking being marked absent from their class even though they were participating in a Student Council Event.
The students and faculty were very well prepared for our visit. It was clear that a lot of thought was put into the lunch that was served as their was a variety of foods given the fact that we are a very diverse group. They also had gifts for each student and members of our faculty. One of the gifts was a book prepared by students as one of their class projects and was a good demonstration of the work and dedication of the UAEU students.
We left the campus truly overwhelmed by the warmth and hospitality we received from all at EAUE and left with the promise to continue to keep in touch. An overall great experience.
After visiting the old palace of Sheik Sayed and the The Museum of Natural Heritage, we traveled to the University of the United Arab Emerites. We were warmly greeted by the students and faculty and it was evident from the onset that the students were eager to share with us their experiences, and happy to show the work they are doing at the UAEU. By the end of our visit it was clear that these students are high achievers and work very hard to prepare themselves to be good leaders in the UAE.
Over lunch, we shared information on each of the programs offered by our universities or college and generally talked about the type of course work needed to graduate in each of our various majors. Our programs are very similar and the requirements are also somewhat similar.
We quickly shared business cards and then we were off for a tour of their facility. The students were clearly proud of their work and their accomplishments as well as they should be. We appreciated the time they shared and respected the fact that some students were risking being marked absent from their class even though they were participating in a Student Council Event.
The students and faculty were very well prepared for our visit. It was clear that a lot of thought was put into the lunch that was served as their was a variety of foods given the fact that we are a very diverse group. They also had gifts for each student and members of our faculty. One of the gifts was a book prepared by students as one of their class projects and was a good demonstration of the work and dedication of the UAEU students.
We left the campus truly overwhelmed by the warmth and hospitality we received from all at EAUE and left with the promise to continue to keep in touch. An overall great experience.
Zayed University-Abu Dhabi
By Rana Alsweilem
Today we went to ZU-Abu Dhabi branch where it was not a huge brand new campus; nontheless, i felt they were more welcoming and happy to see us than the Dubai campus. We also didn't have any speakers cancel on us which seemed to be a common trend in the Dubai campus! I actually found today to be one of the most inspiring days of our trip. First, we had Mr. Mohammad Al-Faheem, a business man here in Abu Dhabi, and one of the richest men in the UAE speak to us about his journey and about his as well as many other emirati men's vision for the future of women in the UAE. I was very touched and happy to hear an emirati man speak so excitedly and eagerly about having emirati women in the UAE reach higher positions in the work force. I now understand how Emirati women have been able to reach such high positions in the work force in so little time. Having men who think and support the rights of women in such a way is definitely a treasured thing in the Arab and especially the gulf region.
I also found it very interesting how flexible he was in his own personal business company and how he did not mind women coming to work a little later and still getting the same pay as men. I was especially touched when he said that he is trying to give his children and daughters the education and opportunities he never had. Finally, I feel that with more powerful men like Mr. Mohammad Al-Faheem being out there and really speaking their minds out and strongly supporting women in the work force, Emirati women, as well as all women in the gulf region will definitely have a brighter and more rewarding future.
Today we went to ZU-Abu Dhabi branch where it was not a huge brand new campus; nontheless, i felt they were more welcoming and happy to see us than the Dubai campus. We also didn't have any speakers cancel on us which seemed to be a common trend in the Dubai campus! I actually found today to be one of the most inspiring days of our trip. First, we had Mr. Mohammad Al-Faheem, a business man here in Abu Dhabi, and one of the richest men in the UAE speak to us about his journey and about his as well as many other emirati men's vision for the future of women in the UAE. I was very touched and happy to hear an emirati man speak so excitedly and eagerly about having emirati women in the UAE reach higher positions in the work force. I now understand how Emirati women have been able to reach such high positions in the work force in so little time. Having men who think and support the rights of women in such a way is definitely a treasured thing in the Arab and especially the gulf region.
I also found it very interesting how flexible he was in his own personal business company and how he did not mind women coming to work a little later and still getting the same pay as men. I was especially touched when he said that he is trying to give his children and daughters the education and opportunities he never had. Finally, I feel that with more powerful men like Mr. Mohammad Al-Faheem being out there and really speaking their minds out and strongly supporting women in the work force, Emirati women, as well as all women in the gulf region will definitely have a brighter and more rewarding future.
2nd Day at Zayet University
Today is our second day at Zayed University. The environment at the university has been very welcoming; students have greeted us and will make sure that the guests have the best experience in their community. The day began with a leadership conference lead by Simmons Professors--Prof. Moore and Prof. Gupta and attended by Simmons students as well as Zayed University students. We shared our insights and knowledge of American leaders and the UAE leaders. Through our discussions, I was surprised of the many similarities within the two countries; as well as my own culture--as a Chinese Indonesian. A topic that was continuously mentioned by the Zayed and Simmons students was leaders of the two countries, in particular Sheikh Mohammed and the American President. As an outsider to the UAE and USA, I had the luxury to observe and compare both cultures. It fascinates me how the leader of UAE is born to his position and how much the people—both older and young generations—of UAE appreciate and want to give back to their country because of what their leaders have provided for them. On the other hand, the American Presidents are elected and yet the people sometimes act against him and does not have any sense of responsibility to their government. Above all, I am most impressed with their hospitality, in which is something that Simmons College lack as a community.
Jovita Tjandra
Jovita Tjandra
A few thoughts...
One of the most interesting aspects of the trip thus far is the group's adaptation to 'middle eastern time' and the low levels of ucertainty avoidance. Coming from a very structured environment in the states, it's been a total cultural adjustment to having our plans change constantly from minute to minute, and having people running late or running in and out of meetings on cell phones. Today we had to await confirmation from an office at Zayed that we could eat lunch, even though it was already served!
In addition to learning about the cultural norms, we've done a great deal of learning about women in leadership, particularly about the government and individual companies' influence on promoting employment among Emerati women. One student we spoke to today was sponsored by a bank. This means that she will work there during the summer, and the company will "sponsor" her during the school year. Being sponsored means that the company will pay her monthly (the amount is dependent on her GPA) throughout her years in school (she has two years remaining) and she will give her a job with them upon graduation for a set period of time (either the number of years she was sponsored or double the number of years she was sponsored). Throughout our stay here, a common theme has been that the government sees the need for women in the workplace, but society isn't ready (particularly elders and families of young women). Businesses employing initiatives such as this are proof that society is working towards accepting women workers, and many of the young women we've met have said their families are accepting, if not encouraging, of their career plans.
-Meagan George
In addition to learning about the cultural norms, we've done a great deal of learning about women in leadership, particularly about the government and individual companies' influence on promoting employment among Emerati women. One student we spoke to today was sponsored by a bank. This means that she will work there during the summer, and the company will "sponsor" her during the school year. Being sponsored means that the company will pay her monthly (the amount is dependent on her GPA) throughout her years in school (she has two years remaining) and she will give her a job with them upon graduation for a set period of time (either the number of years she was sponsored or double the number of years she was sponsored). Throughout our stay here, a common theme has been that the government sees the need for women in the workplace, but society isn't ready (particularly elders and families of young women). Businesses employing initiatives such as this are proof that society is working towards accepting women workers, and many of the young women we've met have said their families are accepting, if not encouraging, of their career plans.
-Meagan George
By Palwasha Mirbacha
Traveling and discovering the UAE national and corporate culture has been extremely inspiriting. I have discovered that government’s strong commitment and women’s eager for success and acquiring significant role in the future of their country are the fundamentals driving this thriving community. The Zayed University that provides free education to the Emirati women is indicator of strong institutional commitment by the state and its authority for development of its nation in all aspects. Also, the Emirati students’ ambition for successful business and career development is the key behind success and role of women in today’s business world. Businesswoman like Salwa Saad Shaibani is a model for the women of UAE and how the businesswomen are thrive in the business arena. Her ambitions for greater achievements in the business world, her endless and continuous affords in each step of her profession in business and unique internpernurship skills that were further backed by various governmental aid and funds for businesses women were key behind her revolving businesses and the UAE success today. Nonetheless, I have observed that many of wonders that we have learned about in the UAE business world and women's significant role in this sector would have not been possible without strong institutional commitment by the state or the royal authorities in the country.
Women's Association
One of the most interesting things we have done so far is to visit the Abu Dhabi women's association. Upon arrival we were greeted with such fabulous hospitality. A few of the women lined up to greet us and were taken into a sort of living room where we were offered Arabic coffee and chocolate. Then we proceeded into a large audotorium where three women gave us powerpoints and spoke on what types of programs are available in the country to assist these women. The resources that they have are wonderful. Women have access to health care, counseling, educational, and childcare programs which are all fostered by the association. It was wonderful to see that the women of the UAE are given such wonderful resources and help with anything they need. There are many programs that are designed for specific needs of the women and cover a variety of services, these were explained in detail to us. After a wonderful presentation we were given a tour of the association and entered a room where we were able to see the traditional life of the women. This included everything from traditional weddings, dress, family life, house structure and fishing methods. Our gracious hosts then took us to a seperate building that was filled with rich fabrics and couches and tables and served us traditional food and dinks. This experience was not only informative but a one of a kind look into the culture of the women here in Abu Dhabi both in the past and presently.
Culture
Although there is a common and shared culture, I have come to learn more about the tribal way of life in UAE. It is important to identify with a certain tribe or group of people or not to identify/associate with members of a certain tribe. Tribal "purity" also happens to be an important aspect of Emirati culture. There is also an extremely high power distance and high institutional collectivism whereby people are required to abide by and follow directions of leaders and be loyal to them without question.
Authority is very important as shown in the case of Robert Redford. He had to cancel his appointment at ZU for an important last minute meeting with the authorities and was therefore able to give only a two minute talk at ZU.
Although the UAE has undergone rapid modernization, family ties still remain very strong. After speaking with one of the ladies we met at the Women's Union, I was struck by the fact that although their mission is empowerment of women. They do not encourage women who are sufferers of domestic abuse to stop suffering in silence. She indicated that actively advocating against VAW would be contrary to their culture as it would lead to breaking families yet the family unit is extremely important. I felt that empowerment to be successful it should encompass all areas of disempowerment. My thoughts are - due to the vastly changing trends, Emirati women will become more vocal at some point in the far future and be able to say no to domestic violence.
Williams C.
Authority is very important as shown in the case of Robert Redford. He had to cancel his appointment at ZU for an important last minute meeting with the authorities and was therefore able to give only a two minute talk at ZU.
Although the UAE has undergone rapid modernization, family ties still remain very strong. After speaking with one of the ladies we met at the Women's Union, I was struck by the fact that although their mission is empowerment of women. They do not encourage women who are sufferers of domestic abuse to stop suffering in silence. She indicated that actively advocating against VAW would be contrary to their culture as it would lead to breaking families yet the family unit is extremely important. I felt that empowerment to be successful it should encompass all areas of disempowerment. My thoughts are - due to the vastly changing trends, Emirati women will become more vocal at some point in the far future and be able to say no to domestic violence.
Williams C.
Samira's experience
My ten days in the UAE has been an experience of a lifetime. Before my arrival in the UAE, I knew very little of the culture, tradition and religion. All that I knew was what I read in my cross-cultural class at Simmons College and heard from the media. None of my perceptions and interpretations of the Islamic religion and of the Muslim people was correct. Being able to personally interact with the Women of the UAE, I can truly say that I have learned a lot of the history of the Emirates, their culture, and religion and my perceptions and interpretations was significantly wrong before the trip.
The phrase “don’t judge the book by its cover” is a phrase that many say but don’t practice. I can say that I was one of the many that didn’t practice this phrase. My perception of the Islamic religion was a very negative one. I didn’t believe that women worked outside their homes neither less be women leaders of successful companies. My encounter with Raja Al-Gurg , Salwa Shaibani and Huda Al Matroush just to name a few women leaders was an experience that has changed my thoughts about and negative perceptions I had of Muslim women in the UAE. These women are role models to up coming Emirate women who want to make a positive change in their country. They have found their authentic voice in the UAE and they are making positive changes that all women in the UAE can benefit from. Although, Emirati’s are minority in their own country they still have significant dedication to help other citizens to become business leaders specially women. This trip has been a great experience and more is to come!!!!!
Samira
The phrase “don’t judge the book by its cover” is a phrase that many say but don’t practice. I can say that I was one of the many that didn’t practice this phrase. My perception of the Islamic religion was a very negative one. I didn’t believe that women worked outside their homes neither less be women leaders of successful companies. My encounter with Raja Al-Gurg , Salwa Shaibani and Huda Al Matroush just to name a few women leaders was an experience that has changed my thoughts about and negative perceptions I had of Muslim women in the UAE. These women are role models to up coming Emirate women who want to make a positive change in their country. They have found their authentic voice in the UAE and they are making positive changes that all women in the UAE can benefit from. Although, Emirati’s are minority in their own country they still have significant dedication to help other citizens to become business leaders specially women. This trip has been a great experience and more is to come!!!!!
Samira
Zayed University Abu Dhabi Campus
Today we visited Zayed Abu Dhabi Campus and I can honestly say that this was the first day we interviewed the most influential people on this entire trip. All the other speakers have "canceled" or perhaps didn't even know that we were here visiting them or that the core of this entire class was to interview them and examine leaders in this culture. Whatever the reason may be, this trip was filled with cancellations and disappointments until today. We listened to the author of "Rags to Riches" who is a very prominent real estate developer and businessman, and also Madame Salwa and Madame Huda who both are successful female entrepreneurs. After listening to them speak I not only feel satisfaction with the trip of coming to the UAE, but also in knowing that at least one meeting on our itinerary was kept and not rescheduled or canceled. I have learned lessons from these key speakers and their advice regarding future working businesswomen will resonate in my mind when I begin my career.
Tuesday, May 29, 2007
Raja Al-Gurg
Written by Monica
Upon meeting Raja Al-Gurg it was evident that she possesses a strong drive, a peaceful soul, and a great personality. Her demeanor and personality are clearly recognized as types that are destined for success. Growing up with her two brothers, she had the opportunity to take the family business from her father due to her brothers’ disinterest in their business. This new career path allowed Raja to experience a different leadership career outside Education and into the corporate world.
Speaking with Raja we were able to get a glimpse into the life of a Female Emerati executive. From her 30 plus years of experience in the Dubai business world is an amazing accomplishment. She took on the business just as Dubai was developing into a city and world business trader. With her hard work and dedication to her family and her career, Raja took her business into managing about 22 companies in the UAE. She also gives back to the UAE community through education, and taking on leadership roles on the Women's Business Council and is a member of the Zayed University Board of Trustees. Through her work both in and out of the office, Raja is advancing the lives of future Emerati business women, and business women around the world.
A tolerant and good society is very important to Raja and her theories on the UAE community make perfect models for all countries in which women are struggling with modernization, globalization, and integration into the workforce. Raising a good family and pursuing a fulfilling career, Raja admits is very difficult to achieve without maternity leave, flexible hours, and childcare support. Raja was able to raise her family and watch over them during her work as the school principle. She had adequate amount of time to devote to both her children and her career, but feels she didn’t have enough time for herself. Younger generations, she feels are faced with longer work hours and the notion of having to choose between family and work. That it is difficult to maintain both. Ultimately, Raja argues with lots of work and determination you can have both, but she believes you will always be sacrificing yourself in order to maintain the balance and status quo in your life. Raja believes that employers must revise their policy on maternity leave and allow room for flexibility with working mothers. Perhaps arranging women to work fewer days or varying her shifts will accommodate both a productive workday and family life.
Living a fulfilling life came across to us as being very important to Raja. She like many other Emeratis are family based and value group collectivism. Her family and community are very important to her. Giving back and contributing to society and making the global community better are some of her goals. She did not achieve her success by waiting for opportunities. She worked hard and fought to be where she is today. Fighting for your rights as an employee is crucial to continue in the advancement in women leadership.
Upon meeting Raja Al-Gurg it was evident that she possesses a strong drive, a peaceful soul, and a great personality. Her demeanor and personality are clearly recognized as types that are destined for success. Growing up with her two brothers, she had the opportunity to take the family business from her father due to her brothers’ disinterest in their business. This new career path allowed Raja to experience a different leadership career outside Education and into the corporate world.
Speaking with Raja we were able to get a glimpse into the life of a Female Emerati executive. From her 30 plus years of experience in the Dubai business world is an amazing accomplishment. She took on the business just as Dubai was developing into a city and world business trader. With her hard work and dedication to her family and her career, Raja took her business into managing about 22 companies in the UAE. She also gives back to the UAE community through education, and taking on leadership roles on the Women's Business Council and is a member of the Zayed University Board of Trustees. Through her work both in and out of the office, Raja is advancing the lives of future Emerati business women, and business women around the world.
A tolerant and good society is very important to Raja and her theories on the UAE community make perfect models for all countries in which women are struggling with modernization, globalization, and integration into the workforce. Raising a good family and pursuing a fulfilling career, Raja admits is very difficult to achieve without maternity leave, flexible hours, and childcare support. Raja was able to raise her family and watch over them during her work as the school principle. She had adequate amount of time to devote to both her children and her career, but feels she didn’t have enough time for herself. Younger generations, she feels are faced with longer work hours and the notion of having to choose between family and work. That it is difficult to maintain both. Ultimately, Raja argues with lots of work and determination you can have both, but she believes you will always be sacrificing yourself in order to maintain the balance and status quo in your life. Raja believes that employers must revise their policy on maternity leave and allow room for flexibility with working mothers. Perhaps arranging women to work fewer days or varying her shifts will accommodate both a productive workday and family life.
Living a fulfilling life came across to us as being very important to Raja. She like many other Emeratis are family based and value group collectivism. Her family and community are very important to her. Giving back and contributing to society and making the global community better are some of her goals. She did not achieve her success by waiting for opportunities. She worked hard and fought to be where she is today. Fighting for your rights as an employee is crucial to continue in the advancement in women leadership.
Dubai Reactions Thus Far
Helen
Middle Eastern Time
I came to the UAE without any particular expectations because we were previously warned that our itinerary is subject to change as we travel, and this was definitely true for practically every day that we have been in the UAE. I knew in the back of my mind that time is not an important issue in this society, however I have completely forgotten about it until it startled me when we were consistently late for every appointment and event that we were traveling to. `this has influenced greatly, but as we are approaching the end of our visit, this test of my tolerance in this newly-discovered culture is teaching me an important message in cross cultural communication, patience is what takes you far. Drawing back from what Salwa Saad Shabani has mentioned earlier in her presentation, it is what takes you across challenging situations in times where you feel like nothing is going your way.
The situation: Traditions vs. Work
I was very intrigued by the family-oriented culture of the UAE and how that greatly influences the way in which women make their career decisions. Their personal life decisions are based on the current family that they have or the future one that that they are planning to have. The girls that we met at Zayed U. in Dubai, most of whom are Emiratis do not aspire to work so hard after graduating. Instead, they choose to have an easy lifestyle and this is the type of attitude that we started to notice as we interacted with a lot of the students there. For the women leaders that we have spoken to such as Raja Al Gurg and the two ladies earlier today at Zayed University in Abu Dhabi, I noticed that THEIR personal journey involved a lot of multitasking between their family life and personal life where they are working twice as hard to accommodate to the needs of their children as a mother while proving themselves in the workforce that they are competition and self-assured women. The UAE government is working hard to influence the younger generation of women to take part in the workforce, especially in the private sector in small and middle-sized businesses. This is a challenge that is still in the process of being resolved, and from what I have discovered: it is all in the personal drive, and how well the government/legislation is allowing these women the flexibility that they need to seek alternative scheduling for their busy lifestyle.
3.
Middle Eastern Time
I came to the UAE without any particular expectations because we were previously warned that our itinerary is subject to change as we travel, and this was definitely true for practically every day that we have been in the UAE. I knew in the back of my mind that time is not an important issue in this society, however I have completely forgotten about it until it startled me when we were consistently late for every appointment and event that we were traveling to. `this has influenced greatly, but as we are approaching the end of our visit, this test of my tolerance in this newly-discovered culture is teaching me an important message in cross cultural communication, patience is what takes you far. Drawing back from what Salwa Saad Shabani has mentioned earlier in her presentation, it is what takes you across challenging situations in times where you feel like nothing is going your way.
The situation: Traditions vs. Work
I was very intrigued by the family-oriented culture of the UAE and how that greatly influences the way in which women make their career decisions. Their personal life decisions are based on the current family that they have or the future one that that they are planning to have. The girls that we met at Zayed U. in Dubai, most of whom are Emiratis do not aspire to work so hard after graduating. Instead, they choose to have an easy lifestyle and this is the type of attitude that we started to notice as we interacted with a lot of the students there. For the women leaders that we have spoken to such as Raja Al Gurg and the two ladies earlier today at Zayed University in Abu Dhabi, I noticed that THEIR personal journey involved a lot of multitasking between their family life and personal life where they are working twice as hard to accommodate to the needs of their children as a mother while proving themselves in the workforce that they are competition and self-assured women. The UAE government is working hard to influence the younger generation of women to take part in the workforce, especially in the private sector in small and middle-sized businesses. This is a challenge that is still in the process of being resolved, and from what I have discovered: it is all in the personal drive, and how well the government/legislation is allowing these women the flexibility that they need to seek alternative scheduling for their busy lifestyle.
3.
the mosque
Melanie Klaus-Martin
We went to the only non-Muslim mosque where to be able to enter women had to have their entire body covered. This meant that we got to cover our heads. At first the whole notion of wrapping our hair was a little odd but after the fact I didn't want to take if off. By having my head wrapped in a scarf it made the temperature cooler. Overall going to the mosque was cool because we got to see what the inside of one generally looks like but it felt kind of odd that this one felt more like a museum than a functioning place of worship. I really enjoyed the way they presented the information and it really started to give insight into what we would be seeing around the UAE when it comes to some of the Muslim traditions. Like the five times during the day when they are called to worshi8p by someone singing a chant over a loud speaker system and how if you are anywhere near a mosque (and with them pratically on every corner) you will hear it. I wonder if that has any connection to church bells going off every hour?
We went to the only non-Muslim mosque where to be able to enter women had to have their entire body covered. This meant that we got to cover our heads. At first the whole notion of wrapping our hair was a little odd but after the fact I didn't want to take if off. By having my head wrapped in a scarf it made the temperature cooler. Overall going to the mosque was cool because we got to see what the inside of one generally looks like but it felt kind of odd that this one felt more like a museum than a functioning place of worship. I really enjoyed the way they presented the information and it really started to give insight into what we would be seeing around the UAE when it comes to some of the Muslim traditions. Like the five times during the day when they are called to worshi8p by someone singing a chant over a loud speaker system and how if you are anywhere near a mosque (and with them pratically on every corner) you will hear it. I wonder if that has any connection to church bells going off every hour?
Leadership Conference
Today we had the leadership conference with the Zayed students and professor Moore and Gupta. The students were our first real introduction into the culture. The students came in with open minds and were eager to share their culture as well as learn about ours. In addition to learning about how to define culture according to the GLOBE aspects we were able to see the Zayed student's reactions to the way their culture is perceived. This gave us an indepth look into their culture because we were able to ask questions first hand. I was very happy to see just how many similarities there were between our cultures, as were the girls. One student was particular curious to know if we came to the Middle East with certain sterotypes because she felt that much of the world perceives their culture in a negative way. She therefore was very passionate about informing us about her culture and how we realy are very similar and are all people living in the world together. This was truly inspiring to me and has broadened my views about much of the world.
UAE Travel
Meeting with Raja Al Gurg was an eye opener and I realized that there are powerful and successful women in UAE. She is soft spoken yet she commands authority. Her style of learning all the tools of the trade was very impressive in that she performed even the most menial task in order to understand and familiarize herself with all aspects of her business. I was also impressed by her courage when she went on to become a principal of the same school she attended.
Her committment to women's issues was touching especially the story about the woman who interviewed for a job while she was 7 months pregnant. She also said that "a working mother/wife sacrifices herself" and I found this story about a working mother balancing her work with family was very interesting.
Talking to ZU students has also been informative and I have a clearer understanding of their culture, aspirations and what motivates Emirati women.
Williams
Her committment to women's issues was touching especially the story about the woman who interviewed for a job while she was 7 months pregnant. She also said that "a working mother/wife sacrifices herself" and I found this story about a working mother balancing her work with family was very interesting.
Talking to ZU students has also been informative and I have a clearer understanding of their culture, aspirations and what motivates Emirati women.
Williams
Monday, May 28, 2007
JovPat's Blog #1
1. Your experience – Mosque of Jumeriah, Cultural Learning Center:
The wait and the heat did not compare to the priceless experience of entering the mosque and being exposed to such a faithful group of people. The Muslim faith captures the viewers from the moment they remove their shoes to the moment the heat once again drowns them. In particular learning about the five daily prayers which are embedded in their days and seen as a previlige not a duty. Watching two college students take time out of the days to share knowledge with visitors about their religion, made me think about my devotion to the Catholic faith. I do believe in higher power and attend church regularly and every once in a while perform my community service when necessary. This experience taught me that there is more that can be done to appriciate what God has given me and done for me. Also, this life long journey is not all about myself and that is something that we all are guilty of forgetting. In conclusion, I truly appreciated the opportunity to explore another religion that has respect for all and dignifies their believers. Love Pati & Jovita.
2. Leadership experience—Raja Al-Gurg
Raja Al-Gurg is the Managing Director of a family owned company--Easa Saleh Al Gurg Group. She began her career as an educator as a Headmistress of Zabeel Secondary School. She is still being recognized as one of the most effective and dedicated person in the country's education system. As a very successful business woman, she now finds herself in charge of 26 very diverse companies throughout the nation. Raja has been nominated by the leader of the country--Sheikh Mohammad--to be a part of Chambers of Commerse and Dubai's Women Council as a president from 2002 to today. Her vision and beliefs in promoting women's abilty to lead is very impactful by proactive movements throughout the country. As a member of the Board of Trustees of Zayed University, she commits to advicing young women leaders, like ourselves to "love the work you are doing and that will equal your success." Love Pati & Jovita.
3. Intake on society and organization and their effect on women leadership success.
An example would be her lobbying within the Chambers of Commerce to aid women in the workforce to have a balance life professionaly and personally. As a mother and a career woman having more control over their situation by providing daycare services within their community. In her company, she has instiled a policy to grant women maternity leaves and the flexibity to divide their 8 hours shift according to their priorities. Love Pati & Jovita.
More to come tomorrow.
We hope you have enjoyed reading our blog because we enjoyed writting it. WE LOVE DUBAI!!!!
Love always,
Patricia Fernandez and Jovita Tjandra
The wait and the heat did not compare to the priceless experience of entering the mosque and being exposed to such a faithful group of people. The Muslim faith captures the viewers from the moment they remove their shoes to the moment the heat once again drowns them. In particular learning about the five daily prayers which are embedded in their days and seen as a previlige not a duty. Watching two college students take time out of the days to share knowledge with visitors about their religion, made me think about my devotion to the Catholic faith. I do believe in higher power and attend church regularly and every once in a while perform my community service when necessary. This experience taught me that there is more that can be done to appriciate what God has given me and done for me. Also, this life long journey is not all about myself and that is something that we all are guilty of forgetting. In conclusion, I truly appreciated the opportunity to explore another religion that has respect for all and dignifies their believers. Love Pati & Jovita.
2. Leadership experience—Raja Al-Gurg
Raja Al-Gurg is the Managing Director of a family owned company--Easa Saleh Al Gurg Group. She began her career as an educator as a Headmistress of Zabeel Secondary School. She is still being recognized as one of the most effective and dedicated person in the country's education system. As a very successful business woman, she now finds herself in charge of 26 very diverse companies throughout the nation. Raja has been nominated by the leader of the country--Sheikh Mohammad--to be a part of Chambers of Commerse and Dubai's Women Council as a president from 2002 to today. Her vision and beliefs in promoting women's abilty to lead is very impactful by proactive movements throughout the country. As a member of the Board of Trustees of Zayed University, she commits to advicing young women leaders, like ourselves to "love the work you are doing and that will equal your success." Love Pati & Jovita.
3. Intake on society and organization and their effect on women leadership success.
An example would be her lobbying within the Chambers of Commerce to aid women in the workforce to have a balance life professionaly and personally. As a mother and a career woman having more control over their situation by providing daycare services within their community. In her company, she has instiled a policy to grant women maternity leaves and the flexibity to divide their 8 hours shift according to their priorities. Love Pati & Jovita.
More to come tomorrow.
We hope you have enjoyed reading our blog because we enjoyed writting it. WE LOVE DUBAI!!!!
Love always,
Patricia Fernandez and Jovita Tjandra
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